Recursive self-embedded vocal motifs in wild orangutans
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, United Kingdom
- Independent Researcher, United Kingdom
- Comparative Bioacoustics Group, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Netherlands
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turino, Italy
Figures
Figure 1
Organization and rhythmic features of orangutans’ long calls.
(A) Top: the spectrogram of a full pulse and its organization in sub-pulses (e.g., grumble sub-pulses). Below are the spectrograms of the three other sub-element types: sub-pulse transitory …
Figure 2
Isochrony nested within isochrony.
Three acoustically distinct sub-pulse calls occurring at three distinct tempi nested within the same pulse-level tempo in wild flanged male orangutan long calls.
Additional files
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Supplementary file 1
GLMM statistical details.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/88348/elife-88348-supp1-v1.docx
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Supplementary file 2
Example set of male orangutan grumbles.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/88348/elife-88348-supp2-v1.wav
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Supplementary file 3
Example set of male orangutan transitory elements and pulse body.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/88348/elife-88348-supp3-v1.wav
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Supplementary file 4
Example set of male orangutan full pulses.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/88348/elife-88348-supp4-v1.wav
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Supplementary file 5
Example set of male orangutan bubbles.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/88348/elife-88348-supp5-v1.wav
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MDAR checklist
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/88348/elife-88348-mdarchecklist1-v1.pdf
