(A) Location of the 130 survey sites in the study area. (B) Examples of four survey sites with varying levels of habitat loss and fragmentation per se shown with a 500m radius buffer.
PD: patch density; ED: edge density; AREA_MN: mean patch area; ENN: mean nearest-neighbour distance. PC1: the first principal component of the four fragmentation indices explained 51.1% of the …
Each point in the figure represents the landscapes with 500 m radius. PC1: the first principal component of the four fragmentation indices. The green lines represent quartiles of habitat amount. The …
(A) Habitat loss and plant richness, (B) fragmentation per se and plant richness, (C) habitat loss and above-ground biomass, and (D) fragmentation per se and above-ground biomass.The R value in each …
Standardised estimates and 95% confidence intervals are calculated by the multi-model-averaging method based on the four optimal models affecting above-ground biomass (Supplementary file 2). ** …
(A) High habitat loss and low fragmentation per se, (B) high habitat loss and moderate fragmentation per se, (C) high habitat loss and high fragmentation per se, (D) moderate habitat loss and low …
HL: habitat loss; FPS: fragmentation per se; LST: land surface temperature; SWT: soil water content; PS: percentage of grassland specialists; SR: plant richness; PS × SR: interaction term between …
Arrows represent the hypothesised paths among variables. See the main text for a description of arrow directions.
(a) High habitat loss and low fragmentation per se, (b) high habitat loss and moderate fragmentation per se, (c) high habitat loss and high fragmentation per se, (d) moderate habitat loss and low …
(a) High habitat loss and low fragmentation per se, (b) high habitat loss and moderate fragmentation per se, (c) high habitat loss and high fragmentation per se, (d) moderate habitat loss and low …
Standardised estimates and 95% confidence intervals are calculated by the multi-model averaging method based on the four optimal models affecting above-ground biomass (Appendix Table A3). ** …
Ranking | Model | R2 | AICc |
---|---|---|---|
1 | AGB~HL+SWT+GSR+WR | 0.47** | 1213.7 |
2 | AGB~HL+FPS+SWT+GSR+WR | 0.47** | 1215.2 |
3 | AGB~HL+LST+SWT+GSR+WR | 0.47** | 1215.3 |
4 | AGB~FPS+SWT+GSR+WR | 0.46** | 1215.3 |
Note: AGB: above-ground biomass; HL: habitat loss; FPS: fragmentation per se; SWT: soil water content; LST: land surface temperature; GSR: grassland specialist richness; WR: weed richness; **: significance at the 0.01 level.”
Variable | Variance inflation factors (VIF) |
---|---|
Patch density | 2.28 |
Edge density | 1.21 |
Mean patch area | 2.54 |
Mean nearest-neighbor distance | 1.25 |
List of 130 species of vascular plants recorded across 130 sites in this study.
Four optimal models of landscape context, environment factors, and plant diversity affecting above-ground biomass.
Effects of interaction terms between habitat loss and fragmentation per se and plant richness on above-ground biomass.
Summary of the principal component analysis for the four fragmentation indices.
Variance inflation factors of predictor variables for above-ground biomass.
The site location, landscape context, environmental factors, plant richness, and above-ground biomass.