The principal MR acquisition parameters of the functional scans for each dataset.

Task details for the SST in each dataset.

Interpretation of logarithmically-transformed Bayes Factors. H1 represents the alternative hypothesis, H0 represents the null hypothesis.

Descriptive statistics of behaviour in the SST across each dataset. Standard errors are given.

Corrected and uncorrected tSNR values for five ROIs over all datasets. The values are derived from the mean tSNR values of both hemispheres. Error bars are standard errors. Corrected tSNRs are equal to the uncorrected tSNRs divided by the volume of a single voxel. IFG, inferior frontal gyrus; SN, substantia nigra; STN, subthalamic nucleus; Tha, thalamus; VTA, ventral tegmental area.

Group-level SPMs of the three main contrasts of the SST. Activation colours indicate FDR thresholded (q < .05) z-values. Two sagittal, one axial, and one zoomed in coronal view are shown. Coloured contour lines indicate regions of interest (IFG in white, M1 in grey, preSMA in orange, Caudate in dark blue, Putamen in light blue, GPe in dark green, GPi in light green, SN in pink, STN in red, thalamus in yellow, and VTA in black). The background template and coordinates are in MNI2009c (1mm). FS, failed stop; SS, successful stop.

Group-level z-scores from the ROI-wise GLM analysis of included datasets. Thresholds are set using FDR correction (q < .05), varying between contrasts. The thresholds for each contrast are as follows: 3.01 for FS > GO, 2.26 for FS > SS and 3.1 for SS > GO. Regions that do not reach significance are coloured white. Left and right hemispheres are shown separately, denoted by ‘-l’ or ‘-r’, respectively. IFG, inferior frontal gyrus; M1, primary motor cortex; preSMA, pre-supplementary motor area; GPe, globus pallidus externa; GPi, globus pallidus interna; SN, substantia nigra; STN, subthalamic nucleus; Tha, thalamus; VTA, ventral tegmental area.

Log-transformed Bayes Factors for each contrast based on parameter estimates from first-level model. Colouring depicts evidence for each hypothesis based on a variation of Jeffreys’ scale. BFs more than 2 or less than 2 on a log scale are defined as extreme evidence. Refer to Table 3 for details on interpretation of log-transformed BFs. BFs were calculated for each contrast for both hemispheres of each ROI. Left and right hemispheres are shown separately, denoted by ‘-l’ or ‘-r’, respectively. IFG, inferior frontal gyrus; M1, primary motor cortex; preSMA, pre-supplementary motor area; GPe, globus pallidus externa; GPi, globus pallidus interna; SN, substantia nigra; STN, subthalamic nucleus; Tha, thalamus; VTA, ventral tegmental area.

Comparison of group-level SPMs for the SS > GO contrast using different smoothing kernels. SPMs resulting from GLMs computed on base-level spatially smoothed data can be seen on the top row, with SPMs resulting from GLMs computed on data spatially smoothed with a FHWM of 5 mm. Activation colours indicate FDR thresholded (q < .05) z-values. Two sagittal, one axial, and one zoomed in coronal view are shown. Coloured contour lines indicate regions of interest (IFG in white, M1 in grey, preSMA in orange, Caudate in dark blue, Putamen in light blue, GPe in dark green, GPi in light green, SN in pink, STN in red, thalamus in yellow, and VTA in black). The background template and coordinates are in MNI2009c (1mm). FS, failed stop; SS, successful stop.