Polysomnographical analysis in humans shows that temporal fluctuations of aperiodic neural activity reflect the cycling nature of sleep.

Sleep spindles provide a temporal framework to organize the reactivation of behaviorally relevant CA1 cells and sparsely active cells in the limbic thalamus.

Sub-second pontine waves functionally interact with hippocampal population activity in a state-dependent manner across sleep states, while brainstem ensemble dynamics exhibit slow, long-lasting state-predictive activity.

Two regions of the frontal lobe – the anterior cingulate cortex and, unexpectedly, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex – show coordinated rhythmic activity during REM sleep.

Non-REM sleep is essential in the restoration of initial motor memory trace and gradual reorganization of newly-learned information underlying human procedural memory consolidation.

Dynamic calcium activity in the hippocampus changes markedly across behavioral and physiological states and depends on muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activation.

A cortical model inspired by cognitive theories and deep learning demonstrates how the combination of wakefulness, non-rapid eye movement (NREM), and REM dreams leads to the emergence of robust and semantically organized neuronal representations in higher cortical areas.

Using long-term in vivo imaging with miniature two-photon microscopy, microglia surveillance is sleep state-dependent and stress-induced in freely behaving mice, regulated by the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system and β₂-adrenergic receptors signaling.

A combination of signal processing and machine learning form a new approach to classify oscillatory coupling in single cycles without averaging over time and to capture cycle-by-cycle changes in coupling.

The two most commonly used chemogenetic actuators, clozapine-N-oxide and compound 21, similarly modulate sleep in wild-type laboratory mice indicating that even designer drugs which do not convert to clozapine can elicit behavioural effects and require adequate controls.