Xing-Huang Gao
Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Dawid Krokowski
Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Bo-Jhih Guan
Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Ilya Bederman
Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Mithu Majumder
Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Marc Parisien
Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Luda Diatchenko
Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Omer Kabil
Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Belinda Willard
Mass Spectrometry Laboratory for Protein Sequencing, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Ruma Banerjee
Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Benlian Wang
Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics,Center for Synchrotron Biosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Gurkan Bebek
Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Center for Synchrotron Biosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Charles R Evans
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Paul L Fox
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Stanton L Gerson
Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Charles Hoppel
Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Ming Liu
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Peter Arvan
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Maria Hatzoglou
Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Animal experimentation: Experimental protocols were approved by the Case Western Reserve University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
Human subjects: Human Islet Study-Institutional review board approval for research use of isolated human islets was obtained from the University of Michigan (IRB number 2014-0069). Human islets were isolated from previously healthy, nondiabetic organ donors by the University of Chicago Transplant Center. Three independent human islet batches from two male donors aged 20 and 58 and one female donor aged 48 were used in this study.
© 2015, Gao et al.
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