Bicoid gradient formation and function in the Drosophila pre-syncytial blastoderm
- University of California, San Francisco, United States
Figures
Figure 1 with 2 supplements
In situ detection of Kr transcipts in pre-cellular embryos.
In situ hybridization detected Kr RNA (red) in nuclear cycle 7–13 embryos that were produced by females with two (left two columns) and six (right two columns) bcd gene copies. Embryos are prophase …
Figure 1—figure supplement 1
Methods of in situ hybridization compared.
In situ hybridization was carried out with bcd and Kr probes to nuclear cycle 4 and 12 embryos as indicated. Method for DIG was as described in Materials and Methods; for FISH using multiple …
Figure 1—figure supplement 2
Dependence of gastrula morphology on maternal genotype.
Gastrula stage embryos from females with the indicated genotypes were fixed and stained with DAPI and the relative distance from the anterior end to the cephalic furrow (vertical red line) was …
Figure 2
Characterization of Kr transcripts detected in situ.
(A) In situ hybridization detected Kr transcripts in mid-interphase to late prophase nuclei as discrete red fluorescent dots in nuclear cycle 9 and 11 embryos. (B) Bar graphs depicting measures of …
-
Figure 2—source data 1
Source data for 2B.
Fluorescence intensity of dots in nuclei and cytoplasm of projections images were measured in ImageJ by placing a square of constant dimension centered over each dot of interest. Embryos from mothers with either two or six copies were analyzed at the indicated stages.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13222.007
Figure 3
Intranuclear localization of Kr transcripts in pre-syncytial blastoderm nuclei.
(A,B) In situ hybridization detected Kr transcripts (red fluorescence) in nuclear cycle 7 and 8 embryos; prophase, dorsal up, anterior left. Yellow circles indicate dots whose red fluorescence was …
-
Figure 3—source data 1
Source data for 3A,B.
Fluorescence intensity of dots in nuclei and cytoplasm in optical sections, ordered apical to basal, were measured in ImageJ by placing a square of constant dimension centered of each dot of interest.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13222.009
Figure 4 with 2 supplements
Bcd protein distributions in pre-cellular embryos.
Anti-Bcd antibody detected Bcd protein (red fluorescence) in nuclear cycle 4–14 WT, exu and stau embryos. Embryos are prophase, dorsal up and anterior left. Images are projection composites from …
-
Figure 4—source data 1
Source data for Figure 4—figure supplement 1.
PCR amplification cycle number for bcd RNA isolated from embryos that had developed to the indicated nuclear cycle.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13222.011
Figure 4—figure supplement 1
bcd RNA levels in pre-cellular WT and exu and stau mutant embryos.
Q-PCR analysis of RNA isolated from stage-selected embryos does not detect differences in bcd RNA levels between WT, exu or stau mutant embryos. bcd RNA levels decline in nuclear cycle 14 embryos.
Figure 4—figure supplement 2
Kr expression in exu and stau mutant embryos.
In situ hybridization detected Kr transcripts (red fluorescence) in exu and stau nuclear cycle 9, 10, 12 and 14 embryos. Embryos are late interphase/prophase, dorsal up, and anterior left. Images …
Figure 5
Bcd protein distributions in nuclear cycle 2 to 6 embryos.
Anti-Bcd antibody detected Bcd protein (red fluorescence) in nuclear cycle 2 to 6 WT and exu embryos. Embryos are prophase, dorsal up and anterior left. Images are projection composites from serial …
Figure 6
In situ detection of bcd transcripts in pre-cellular embryos.
In situ hybridization detected bcd transcripts (red fluorescence) in nuclear cycle 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 embryos. Embryos are dorsal up and anterior left. Images are mid-embryo optical sections (left) …
Figure 7
In situ detection of bcd transcripts in nuclear cycle 1, 3 and 5 embryos.
In situ hybridization detected bcd transcripts (red fluorescence) in nuclear cycle 1, 3, and 5 embryos. Embryos are dorsal up and anterior left. Left panels are projection composites from serial …
Figure 8 with 1 supplement
bcd expression in stage 14 oocytes.
α-Bcd antibody detects Bcd protein in nuclear cycle 1 embryos (A) and in unfertilized eggs (B). Stage 14 oocytes (stained with DAPI) are covered with follicle cells initially and the dorsal …
Figure 8—figure supplement 1
In situ detection of bcd transcripts in stage 12 oocyte.
In situ hybridization detected bcd transcripts (red) in nurse cells and in the anterior cytoplasm of the stage 12 oocyte.
Figure 9
Models of Bcd gradient formation.
Two contrasting models of Bcd gradient formation are depicted as viewed from a sagittal section in the middle of pre-cellular embryos, oriented anterior left. A model that assumes a continuous …
