Shorter cortical adaptation in dyslexia is broadly distributed in the superior temporal lobe and includes the primary auditory cortex
- Princeton University, United States
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
Figures
Figure 1
Cortical distribution of the groups’ mean estimated time constants () of adaptation, calculated separately for each of the responding voxels.
(A) Control participants. (B) Participants with dyslexia. The estimated s for participants with dyslexia were consistently shorter than those estimated for the control group. Significant group differences in the whole-brain analysis (Monte-Carlo cluster-level corrected: cluster threshold of 44 voxels; see 'Materials and methods') are outlined in magenta. The left and right primary auditory cortices, which were estimated as a source of P2 (ERP) component, are outlined in orange. An ROI analysis (see text) revealed a significant group difference in the left primary auditory cortex (Figure 2).
Figure 2
BOLD response as a function of TOA in the primary auditory cortex of each hemisphere.
Blue: control. Red: dyslexic. AC: the 3 subregions that comprise the primary auditory cortex, outlined in orange in Figure 1.
Tables
Table 1
General characteristics of the participants in this study (mean and standard deviation).
The assessments used in this study were the same as in our previous study (Jaffe-Dax et al., 2017).
| Control group | Dyslexic group | Mann-Whitney z value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 19 | N = 20 | ||
| Age (years) | 25.9 (2.6) | 24.5 (2.6) | 1.7 n.s. |
| General cognitive (scaled) | |||
| Block design | 13.1 (3.2) | 12.4 (2.9) | 0.6 n.s. |
| Digit span | 11.1 (2.9) | 7.5 (1.9) | 4.0**** |
| Phonological speed [items/minute] | |||
| Pseudo-word reading rate | 64.0 (25.2) | 31.9 (9.7) | 3.9**** |
| Single-word reading rate | 101.6 (35.2) | 69.2 (21.3) | 3.0*** |
| Word pattern recognition rate | 69.8 (15.6) | 41.7 (11.8) | 4.5**** |
| Passage reading rate | 142.2 (23.9) | 100.7 (17.4) | 4.5**** |
| Spoonerism rate | 9.9 (3.0) | 5.7 (3.1) | 3.8**** |
| Phonological accuracy [% correct] | |||
| Pseudo-word reading accuracy | 90.6 (11.9) | 63.5 (18.4) | 4.0**** |
| Single-word reading accuracy | 97.2 (4.3) | 89.0 (6.5) | 3.7**** |
| Word pattern recognition accuracy | 100.0 (0.0) | 98.27 (3.1) | 2.5** |
| Passage reading accuracy | 98.7 (1.2) | 95.4 (2.3) | 4.1**** |
| Spoonerism accuracy | 90.8 (6.9) | 77.8 (17.2) | 2.5** |
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*p < 0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.005; ****p<0.0005.
Additional files
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Transparent reporting form
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.30018.005
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Shorter cortical adaptation in dyslexia is broadly distributed in the superior temporal lobe and includes the primary auditory cortex
eLife 7:e30018.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.30018
