Optogenetic dissection of descending behavioral control in Drosophila
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, United States
- University of Tokyo, Japan
- Emory University, Georgia
- Princeton University, United States
Figures
Figure 1 with 3 supplements
Descending neuron phenotyping pipeline and behavior space.
(A) The red light activation rig. Six no retinal control flies and six retinal fed experimental flies were mounted in parallel in individual 3 cm diameter plexiglass bubbles on top of three custom …
Figure 1—figure supplement 1
Postural eigenmodes used to build the descending neuron behavior space (Figure 1B).
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.34275.003
Figure 1—figure supplement 2
Watershedded regions in the descending neuron behavior space.
(A) A watershedding algorithm was used on the behavior space in Figure 1B to identify local density maxima, which represent stereotyped behaviors. (B) Numbered watershedded regions. These correspond …
Figure 1—figure supplement 3
Fraction of video data points for each movie embedded in the behavior spce, during the red light stimulus window (Y axis) and during the recovery period (X axis).
For most movies, between 90% and 95% of frames embedded, with very little difference between when the red light is on and when the red light is off, indicating that activated behaviors are well …
Figure 2 with 2 supplements
Analysis of the head grooming DNg07 and DNg08 line (SS02635) and the transient fast-running DNg25 line (SS01602).
(A, D) Entropy of the distribution of the retinal fed experimental flies (red) and non-retinal fed control flies (blue) in the behavior space relative to the timing of red light stimulus onset (red …
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Figure 2—source data 1
Analysis of all the descending neuron split-GAL4 lines.
The line by line analysis shown here follows the model of the selected examples described in Figure 2 of the main text. Also available at: http://www.biology.emory.edu/Berman/files/FigureS5_Cande_et_al.pdf.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.34275.014
Figure 2—figure supplement 1
Density in experimental (red) and control (blue) animals in the regions defined in Figure 2A and D (and B, this figure, respectively).
Densities shown in Figure 2B and E were averaged for six animals over 30 min. Gray bars indicate periods of red light activation.
Figure 2—figure supplement 2
Choosing the red light intensity levels.
(A) While most lines were screened at 5 mW/cm[2], 49 lines that had noor only a weak phenotype at this light level were repeated at 9 mW/cm2 and a higher retinal concentration. Forty-three of these …
Figure 3
Entropy for all the descending neuron split-GAL4 lines.
Trials were aligned such that the onset of red light activation occured at t = 0 s. The red light was turned off at t = 15 s. (A) Baseline subtracted entropy (Y-axis) versus time (X-axis) for all …
Figure 4
The timing of density shifts in descending neuron lines that occupy multiple behavior space regions.
(A) Most lines (86) increase density in only one region of the behavior space upon red light activation. However, some lines occupy multiple regions in the behavior space. (B–D) Examples of lines …
Figure 5
Mutual information between behaviors performed before and during red-light activation.
(A) Mutual information between pre-stimulation and post-stimulation behavior for experimental flies, calculated using the density of the flies in the behavior space at t = −1.5 to −0.5 s prior to …
Figure 6
Averages of representative lines for individual descending neurons.
Descending neurons are organized according to the region of the behavior space that they activate (Figure 1). (A) Example illustrating the averaging of two lines to produce an estimated phenotype. …
Videos
Video 1
Video maps of the behavioral space for anterior movements indicated in Figure 1C.
Each movie shows a sequence of highlighted regions in the space, followed by a selection of 64 sequences of translationally and rotationally aligned fly behavior from that region. This selection is …
Video 2
Video maps of the behavioral space for anterior grooming indicated in Figure 1C.
Each movie shows a sequence of highlighted regions in the space, followed by a selection of 64 sequences of translationally and rotationally aligned fly behavior from that region. This selection is …
Video 3
Video maps of the behavioral space for still/slow behavior indicated in Figure 1C.
Each movie shows a sequence of highlighted regions in the space, followed by a selection of 64 sequences of translationally and rotationally aligned fly behavior from that region. This selection is …
Video 4
Video maps of the behavioral space for wing and abdomen movements indicated in Figure 1C.
Each movie shows a sequence of highlighted regions in the space, followed by a selection of 64 sequences of translationally and rotationally aligned fly behavior from that region. This selection is …
Video 5
Video maps of the behavioral space for locomotion indicated in Figure 1C.
Each movie shows a sequence of highlighted regions in the space, followed by a selection of 64 sequences of translationally and rotationally aligned fly behavior from that region. This selection is …
Video 6
Effect of optogenetic stimulation on descending neurons G7 and G8.
This movie displays two different flies from the same line (SS02635) for 10 s before and 10 s during optogenetic stimulation . Red lights on is indicated by the text ‘RED LIGHT’ appearing in the …
Video 7
Behavioral space dynamics during optogenetic stimulation for descending neurons G7 and G8 (line SS02635).
Movies show the behavioral space changes from before stimulation, at the onset of stimulation, during stimulation, and after stimulation. Each movie shows the space, averaged over six experimental …
Video 8
Behavioral space dynamics during optogenetic stimulation for descending neuron G25 (line SS01602).
These movies show the behavioral space changes from before stimulation, at the onset of stimulation, during stimulation, and after stimulation. Each movie shows the space, averaged over six …
Video 9
Behavioral space dynamics during optogenetic stimulation for descending neuron G9 (line SS01540).
These movies show the behavioral space changes from before stimulation, at the onset of stimulation, during stimulation, and after stimulation. Each movie shows the space, averaged over six …
Video 10
Behavioral space dynamics during optogenetic stimulation for descending neuron B1 (line SS02542).
These movies show the behavioral space changes from before stimulation, at the onset of stimulation, during stimulation, and after stimulation. Each movie shows the space, averaged over six …
Video 11
Behavioral space dynamics during optogenetic stimulation for descending neuron P10 (line SS01049).
These movies show the behavioral space changes from before stimulation, at the onset of stimulation, during stimulation, and after stimulation. Each movie shows the space, averaged over six …
Additional files
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Transparent reporting form
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.34275.025
