A spike sorting toolbox for up to thousands of electrodes validated with ground truth recordings in vitro and in vivo

Abstract
Data availability
Article and author information
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Abstract

In recent years, multielectrode arrays and large silicon probes have been developed to record simultaneously between hundreds and thousands of electrodes packed with a high density. However, they require novel methods to extract the spiking activity of large ensembles of neurons. Here we developed a new toolbox to sort spikes from these large-scale extracellular data. To validate our method, we performed simultaneous extracellular and loose patch recordings in rodents to obtain 'ground truth' data, where the solution to this sorting problem is known for one cell. The performance of our algorithm was always close to the best expected performance, over a broad range of signal to noise ratios, in vitro and in vivo. The algorithm is entirely parallelized and has been successfully tested on recordings with up to 4225 electrodes. Our toolbox thus offers a generic solution to sort accurately spikes for up to thousands of electrodes.

Data availability

The following data sets were generated

1. Yger P
(2018) Ground truth data
Password: gt252.

http://www.yger.net/software/ground-truth-recordings/

The following previously published data sets were used

1. Neto JP
2. Lopes G
3. Frazao J
4. Nogueira J
5. Lacerda P
6. Baiao P
7. Aarts A
8. Andrei A
9. Musa s
10. Fortunato E
11. Barquinha P
12. Kampff AR
(2016) Ground-Truth data from silicon polytrodes
Directly available for download.

http://www.kampff-lab.org/validating-electrodes/

Article and author information

Author details

Pierre Yger

Physiology and Information Processing, Institut de la Vision - INSERM URMS 968, Paris, France

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Giulia LB Spampinato

Physiology and Information Processing, Institut de la Vision - INSERM URMS 968, Paris, France

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Elric Esposito

Physiology and Information Processing, Institut de la Vision - INSERM URMS 968, Paris, France

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Baptiste Lefebvre

Physiology and Information Processing, Institut de la Vision - INSERM URMS 968, Paris, France

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Stéphane Deny

Physiology and Information Processing, Institut de la Vision - INSERM URMS 968, Paris, France

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Christophe Gardella

Physiology and Information Processing, Institut de la Vision - INSERM URMS 968, Paris, France

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

"This ORCID iD identifies the author of this article:" 0000-0003-3204-9012
Marcel Stimberg

Physiology and Information Processing, Institut de la Vision - INSERM URMS 968, Paris, France

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

"This ORCID iD identifies the author of this article:" 0000-0002-2648-4790
Florian Jetter

Neurophysics group, The Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, Reutlingen, Germany

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Guenther Zeck

Neurophysics group, The Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, Reutlingen, Germany

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Serge Picaud

Physiology and Information Processing, Institut de la Vision - INSERM URMS 968, Paris, France

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Jens Duebel

Physiology and Information Processing, Institut de la Vision - INSERM URMS 968, Paris, France

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Olivier Marre

Physiology and Information Processing, Institut de la Vision - INSERM URMS 968, Paris, France

For correspondence
olivier.marre@gmail.com

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

"This ORCID iD identifies the author of this article:" 0000-0002-0090-6190

Funding

Agence Nationale de la Recherche (TRAJECTORY)

Olivier Marre

European Commission (ERC StG 309776)

Jens Duebel

National Institutes of Health (U01NS090501)

Olivier Marre

Foundation Fighting Blindness

Serge Picaud

Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-14-CE13-0003)

Pierre Yger

Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-10-LABX-65)

Serge Picaud

European Commission (FP7-604102)

Olivier Marre

The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.

Ethics

Animal experimentation: Experiments were performed in accordance with institutional animal care standards, using protocol (#00847.02) of the Institut de la Vision (Agreement number A751202). The protocol was approved by the Charles Darwin ethic committee (CEEACD/N{degree sign}5)

Copyright

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License permitting unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.