The Plasmodium Liver-Specific Protein 2 (LISP2) is an early marker of liver stage development
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax hypnozoites persist in the liver, cause malaria relapse and represent a major challenge to malaria elimination. Our previous transcriptomic study provided a novel molecular framework to enhance our understanding of the hypnozoite biology (Voorberg-van der Wel A, et al., 2017). In this dataset, we identified and characterized the Liver-Specific Protein 2 (LISP2) protein as an early molecular marker of liver stage development. Immunofluorescence analysis of hepatocytes infected with relapsing malaria parasites, in vitro (P. cynomolgi) and in vivo (P. vivax), reveals that LISP2 expression discriminates between dormant hypnozoites and early developing parasites. We further demonstrate that prophylactic drugs selectively kill all LISP2 positive parasites, while LISP2 negative hypnozoites are only sensitive to anti-relapse drug tafenoquine. Our results provide novel biological insights in the initiation of liver stage schizogony and an early marker suitable for the development of drug discovery assays predictive of anti-relapse activity.
Data availability
All data generated during the study are submitted as supplementary source files.
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Malaria Liver Stages TranscriptomeNCBI Sequence Read Archive, SRP096160.
Article and author information
Author details
Funding
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1141292)
- Guglielmo Roma
- Clemens H M Kocken
- Thierry Tidiane Diagana
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1137694)
- Sebastian A Mikolajczak
Funders have no role in the design of the study.
Ethics
Animal experimentation: Ethics statement included in the method section of the manuscript.
Reviewing Editor
- Urszula Krzych, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, United States
Version history
- Received: November 9, 2018
- Accepted: May 13, 2019
- Accepted Manuscript published: May 16, 2019 (version 1)
- Version of Record published: May 30, 2019 (version 2)
Copyright
© 2019, Gupta et al.
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License permitting unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
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Further reading
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- Microbiology and Infectious Disease
eLife has recently published a wide range of papers on malaria, covering a diversity of themes including parasite biology, epidemiology, immunology, drugs and vaccines.
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