Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis regulates fear to unpredictable threat signals
- Texas A&M University, United States
Figures
Figure 1 with 5 supplements
Reversible inactivation of the BNST attenuates conditioned fear expression to a backward, but not forward, CS.
(A) Behavioral schematic. (B) Freezing behavior at conditioning and retrieval testing. For conditioning, the left panel depicts mean percentage freezing during the 5 min baseline (BL) and across …
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Figure 1—source data 1
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46525.008
Figure 1—figure supplement 1
Representative bilateral cannula placements in the BNST.
Photomicrograph (10×) of a thionin-stained coronal section depicting representative cannula tracts in the BNST (top panel). Fluorescent image (gold filter) of a coronal section (10×) showing spread …
Figure 1—figure supplement 2
Bilateral cannula placements for BNST microinfusions.
Schematic depicting cannula placements for Figure 1. Symbols (split by each group) correspond to injector tips (approximate borders of BNST are shown by red dotted outline; approximate borders of …
Figure 1—figure supplement 3
Effects of BNST inactivation on freezing to a forward vs. backward CS trained with five trials.
(A) Behavioral schematic. (B) Freezing behavior during conditioning and retrieval testing. For conditioning, the left panel depicts mean percentage freezing during the 3 min baseline (BL) and across …
Figure 1—figure supplement 4
Bilateral cannula placements for BNST microinfusions.
Schematic depicting cannula placements for Figure 1—figure supplement 3. Symbols (split by each group) correspond to injector tips (approximate borders of BNST are shown by red dotted outline).
Figure 1—figure supplement 5
Shock-induced activity during conditioning to a forward vs. backward CS.
(A) Mean percentage of freezing at baseline (BL; 5 min) and across conditioning blocks (each 136 s block is comprised of two trials; trials consist of freezing during the 10 s CS followed by the 58 …
Figure 2 with 1 supplement
BNST inactivation attenuates freezing to a discrete CS paired with random onset of shock.
(A) Behavioral schematic. (B) Freezing behavior during conditioning and retrieval testing. For conditioning, the left panel depicts mean percentage freezing during the 5 min baseline (BL) and across …
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Figure 2—source data 1
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46525.011
Figure 2—figure supplement 1
Bilateral cannula placements for BNST microinfusions.
Schematic depicting cannula placements for Figure 2. Symbols (split by each group) correspond to injector tips (approximate borders of BNST are shown by red dotted outline).
Figure 3 with 1 supplement
Temporary inactivation of the BNST does not prevent conditioned fear expression to a forward CS paired with a US of fixed or variable intensity.
(A) Behavioral schematic. (B) Freezing behavior during conditioning and retrieval testing. For conditioning, the left panel depicts mean percentage freezing during the 5 min baseline (BL) and across …
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Figure 3—source data 1
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46525.014
Figure 3—figure supplement 1
Bilateral cannula placements for BNST microinfusions.
Schematic depicting cannula placements for Figure 3. Symbols (split by each group) correspond to injector tips (approximate borders of BNST are shown by red dotted outline).
Figure 4
CS-evoked freezing in rats utilized for Fos analyses.
(A) Behavioral schematic. (B) Freezing during conditioning and retrieval testing. For conditioning, the left panel depicts mean percentage freezing during the 5 min baseline (BL) and across each …
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Figure 4—source data 1
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46525.016
Figure 5
Fos expression in the BNST following exposure to a temporally predictable or uncertain CS.
(A) Schematic depicting regions counted within the BNST (left panel). The right panel shows example of Fos expression in the ventral BNST (vBNST). (B) Mean Fos-positive cells per 0.1 mm2 for each of …
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Figure 5—source data 1
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46525.018
Figure 6 with 1 supplement
Functional tracing in afferents targeting the BNST.
(A) Coronal section (10×) showing representative fluorescence of a CTb infusion (green) into the BNST (dotted outline; ‘ac’=anterior commissure, ‘lv’=lateral ventricle). Black ‘X’ denotes …
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Figure 6—source data 1
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46525.021
Figure 6—figure supplement 1
CTb injection sites in BNST.
Approximation of the most ventral and centermost sites of unilateral microinjection of CTb (green X’s) for all animals shown in Figures 6 and 7 (red outline approximates borders of BNST).
Figure 7
Fos expression in BNST-targeting cells of the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus following exposure to a forward or backward CS.
(A) Mean number of Fos-positive cells (per 0.1 mm2) for each of the quantified regions. (B) Mean percentage (per 0.1 mm2) of Fos-positive and CTb-positive cells divided by the total number of …
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Figure 7—source data 1
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46525.023
Additional files
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Transparent reporting form
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46525.024
