(A) Analysis of RNAseq data from human prostate cancer pre- and post- androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) (Chen et al., 2018; Rajan et al., 2014) shows that there is a significant downregulation of …
(A) Detection of ESRP1 and ESRP2 proteins in PC3 cells by Western blot. Note that both specific antibodies are able to detect the endogenous protein and the specific over-expressed protein, but they …
(A) Real-time PCR analysis of ESRP1 and ESRP2 mRNA from patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and 17 malignant samples from transurothelial resection of the prostate (TURP) samples. (B) …
Meta-analysis of 719 clinical prostate cancer tumours from 11 previously published studies detected significant up-regulation of both ESRP1 and ESRP2 in 9/11 datasets.
(A) Real-time PCR analysis of E-Cadherin mRNA from patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and 17 malignant samples from transurothelial resection of the prostate (TURP) samples. (B) …
(A) PC3 and (B) DU145 cell line models reduced prostate cancer cell growth in vitro. Data were analysed by Two-way ANOVA, and the p value is for the overall difference between two groups.
Heat map showing mean PSI levels for a panel of ESRP-regulated exons in prostate cancer cell lines (CWR22RV1, PNT2, LNCaP and PC3). Mean PSIs were calculated for ESRP-regulated isoforms between …
Alternative splicing events identified by Suppa2 (Trincado et al., 2018).
446 ESRP regulated alternative splicing events were identified across 319 genes (ΔPSI > 10%, p<0.05).
Details of 44 experimentally validated ESRP1/ESRP2 target exons identified within prostate cancer cell lines.
Gene names (column A) are shown next to PSI levels detected under different experimental conditions (columns B-P). In columns B-P red cell shading indicates increased exon inclusion; blue shading indicates decreased exon splicing; the white cells labelled NA indicate these conditions were not analysed; and the white cells labelled 0 indicate no change in splicing was detected. Patterns of splicing in the PRAD dataset (Saraiva-Agostinho and Barbosa-Morais, 2019) between tumour as compared to normal tissue (Tumour versus normal, column Q); whether there was any correlation in the PRAD dataset (Saraiva-Agostinho and Barbosa-Morais, 2019) between splicing inclusion or exclusion of the exon with time to biochemical recurrence of the tumour (column R); the p value associated with the pattern of splicing shown in column Q (T-test p-value (BH adjusted), column S); and the difference from the median pattern of inclusion (Δ median PSI, column T) or expression in normal versus prostate tumour tissue in the PRAD cohort (Saraiva-Agostinho and Barbosa-Morais, 2019); the coordinates of the alternative event on hg38 (Alternative event 1 (HG38), column U) and hg19 (Alternative event 1 (HG19), column V); and the forward (column W) and reverse (column X) primers used to detect the alternative event using RT-PCR.
(A) ESRP2-regulated exons are frequently also controlled by androgens in prostate cancer cells. 31/48 of the ESRP target exons (identified by RNAseq analysis of LNCaP cells depleted of ESRP1 and …
(A) Graphical representation of levels of average PSI levels in response to ectopic ESRP2 expression in PC3 cells (Y axis) versus after ESRP1/ESRP2 depletion in LNCaP cells. Individual PSI values to …
Properties of ESRP-regulated exons that correlate with a decreased time to biochemical recurrence.
Properties of ESRP-regulated exons that correlate with an increased time to biochemical recurrence.
Properties of ESRP-regulated exons that show no significant correlation with time to biochemical recurrence.
(A) ESRP2 mRNA expression in cells grown in steroid deplete (SD) conditions, and after addition of androgens (A+) (quantified by real-time PCR from three biological replicates). Androgen-mediated …
(A) Western blot showing levels of the AR, ESRP2 and actin in samples of LNCaP cells following growth in steroid deplete media (SD), or plus androgens for 48 hr (A+). Cells were transfected with …
(A–C) Capillary gel electrophoretograms showing RT-PCR analysis of 3 biological replicate RNA samples, measuring splicing inclusion levels for MAP3K7 exon 12; an ESRP2 regulated exons between exons …
Androgen exposure leads to transcription of the gene encoding the master splicing regulator protein ESRP2. This promotes epithelial splicing patterns within prostate cancer cells. Lower levels of …
Reagent type (species) or resource | Designation | Source or reference | Identifiers | Additional information |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gene (H. sapiens) | ESRP1 | |||
Gene (H. sapiens) | ESRP2 | |||
Cell line (H. sapiens) | LNCaP | ATCC | CRL-1740 | |
Cell line (H. sapiens) | PC3 | ATCC | CRL-1435 | |
Cell line (H. sapiens) | CWR-RV1 | ATCC | CRL-2505 | |
Cell line (H. sapiens) | PNT2 | Sigma Aldrich | 95012613 | |
Cell line (H. sapiens) | RWPE-1 | ATCC | CRL-11609 | |
Antibody | Rabbit polyclonal anti-ESRP2 | Genetex | GTX123665 | 1:1000 dilution |
Antibody | Rabbit polyclonal anti-ESRP1 | Sigma, | HPA023719 | 1:1000 dilution |
Antibody | Mouse monoclonal anti-AR | BD Bioscience, | 554226 | 1:10000 dilution |
Antibody | anti-actin rabbit polyclonal antibody | Sigma | A2668 | 1:2000 dilution |
Antibody | anti-FLAG mouse monoclonal antibody | Sigma | F3165 | 1:2000 dilution |
Antibody | normal rabbit IgG | Jackson labs | 711-035-152 | 1:2000 dilution |
Antibody | normal mouse IgG | Jackson labs | 715-036-150 | 1:2000 dilution |
Recombinant DNA reagent | ESRP1 plasmid | Gift from Prof Russ Carstens (University of Philadelphia. USA) | PIBX-C-FF-B-ESRP1 | |
Recombinant DNA reagent | ESRP2 plasmid | Gift from Dr Keith Brown (University of Bristol. UK) | pBIGi hESRP2-FLAG | |
Sequence based reagent | Primers to detect splice isoforms | This paper | designed using Primer3 http://primer3.ut.ee/ | |
Sequence based reagent | qPCR primers | This paper | designed using Primer3 http://primer3.ut.ee/ | |
Sequence based reagent | siRNAs | hs.Ri.ESRP1.13.1, hs.Ri.ESRP1.13.2, hs.Ri.ESRP2.13.1, hs.Ri.ESRP2.13.2, IDT (51-01-14-04), AR esiRNA EHU025951 Control esiRNA EHUEGFP Sigma | ||
Commercialassay or kit | Rnaeasy plus kit | Qiagen | catalog number 74134 | |
Commercialassay or kit | DNA free | Ambion | catalog number AM1906 | |
Software, algorithm | Graphpad prism | https://graphpad.com | ||
Chemical compound, drug | synthetic androgen analogue methyltrienolone (R1881) | Perkin–Elmer | NLP005005MG | 10 nM |
Chemical compound, drug | Bicalutamide (Casodex) | Sigma | B9061 | 10 μM |