Catecholaminergic modulation of meta-learning
- University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands
- University of Basel, Switzerland
Abstract
The remarkable expedience of human learning is thought to be underpinned by meta-learning, whereby slow accumulative learning processes are rapidly adjusted to the current learning environment. To date, the neurobiological implementation of meta-learning remains unclear. A burgeoning literature argues for an important role for the catecholamines dopamine and noradrenaline in meta-learning. Here we tested the hypothesis that enhancing catecholamine function modulates the ability to optimise a meta-learning parameter (learning rate) as a function of environmental volatility. 102 participants completed a task which required learning in stable phases, where the probability of reinforcement was constant, and volatile phases, where probabilities changed every 10-30 trials. The catecholamine transporter blocker methylphenidate enhanced participants' ability to adapt learning rate: Under methylphenidate, compared with placebo, participants exhibited higher learning rates in volatile relative to stable phases. Furthermore, this effect was significant only with respect to direct learning based on the participants' own experience, there was no significant effect on inferred-value learning where stimulus values had to be inferred. These data demonstrate a causal link between catecholaminergic modulation and the adjustment of the meta-learning parameter learning rate.
Data availability
All raw data and analysis scripts can be accessed at the Open Science Framework data repository: https://osf.io/z59us/?view_only=0ffe62256536421489d6aeddedeb2ba6
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Catecholaminergic modulation of meta-learningOpen Science Framework, z59us.
Article and author information
Author details
Andreea Oliviana Diaconescu
Funding
H2020 European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant 757583)
- Jennifer L Cook
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Research talent grant 406-14-028)
- Jennifer C Swart
University of Birmingham (Birmingham Fellows Programme)
- Jennifer L Cook
ZonMw (92003576)
- Dirk EM Geurts
James S. McDonnell Foundation (James McDonnell scholar award)
- Roshan Cools
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Vici Award 53-14-005)
- Roshan Cools
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Veni Grant 451-11-004)
- Hanneke EM den Ouden
Swiss National Foundation (PZ00P3_167952)
- Andreea Oliviana Diaconescu
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.
Reviewing Editor
- Daeyeol Lee, Johns Hopkins University, United States
Ethics
Human subjects: Human subjects: Informed consent, and consent to publish, was obtained prior to participation. The study was in line with the local ethical guidelines approved by the local ethics committee (CMO / METC Arnhem Nijmegen: protocol NL47166.091.13), pre-registered (trial register NTR4653, http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=4653), and in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975.
Version history
- Received: August 28, 2019
- Accepted: December 18, 2019
- Accepted Manuscript published: December 18, 2019 (version 1)
- Version of Record published: January 21, 2020 (version 2)
Copyright
© 2019, Cook et al.
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License permitting unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
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Catecholaminergic modulation of meta-learning
eLife 8:e51439.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.51439
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