(A) Big+ cells proliferate faster than naïve cells. Bars represent the mean of four replicates of maximum growth rate in YPD medium (measured by the peak of the derivative of the growth data), error …
(A) Experimental scheme for growth competition experiment associated with Figure 1B. (B) Experimental scheme for chronological and replicative lifespan (RLS) measurements associated with Figure 1C …
(A) A live fast–die young epigenetic element is beneficial for survival in environments with regular, extended nutrient-rich periods. (B) A live slow–die old growth state is beneficial for survival …
Time-resolved simulations when (A) the period of starvation is 10 times the period of nutrient repletion; (B) the period of nutrient repletion is 10 times the period of starvation; and (C) the two …
(A) Micrographs of naïve and Big+ haploid yeast cells. (B) Cell size distributions for thousands of naïve and Big+ haploid cells (100% of distribution is shown, n = 4678 for naïve, n = 5501 for Big+,…
(A) The large phenotype of Big+ cells was stronger after 3 days of growth than after 2 days of growth (4 days of growth yielded similar differences in cell size as for 3 days of growth, data not …
(A) Micrographs of diploid yeast cells resulting from crosses of naïve and naïve parents, or naïve and [BIG+] parents. (B) The frequency of diploid cells above the large cell threshold. Bars …
(A) In contrast to mutations, which when arising from one parent are inherited in half of the meiotic progeny, prion-based traits can be inherited in all meiotic progeny. (B) Additional biological …
(A) Radiolabeling-free, qPCR-based method for locus-specific pseudouridine detection. Illustration is adapted from Scheme 1 of Lei and Yi, 2017. (B) High-resolution melting curve analysis …
(A) In the TΨC loop of tRNAAGC (Ala), mutations resulting from reverse transcription of CMC-treated samples were only observed originating from position 55 (Ψ). Sanger sequencing profiles from …
(A) [BIG+] cells are resistant to translation elongation inhibitor cycloheximide. Bars represent the mean of the maximum growth rate in YPD + cycloheximide (measured by the peak of the derivative of …
(A) Fraction of GFP-Par32 signal localized to the plasma membrane in naïve vs. [BIG+] cells measured using fluorescence microscopy. Shown are box-and-whisker plots with horizontal black lines in the …
(A) CMC-RT and ligation-assisted PCR analysis of Ψ modification (CLAP) (Zhang et al., 2019). (B) Native PAGE showing the CLAP result for TEF1/TEF2 mRNA from multiple replicates of naïve (3), [BIG+] …
(A) Sanger sequencing profiles from control and CMC-labeled RNA from naïve, [BIG+], and pus4Δ cells. Naïve and [BIG+] samples show characteristic mixed nucleotide assignments at previously annotated …
(A) Transient inhibition of Hsp70 in diploid wild yeast strains from different niches around the globe leads to a permanent reduction in cell size. Violin plots show all data from thousands of cells …
Violin plots show all data from thousands of cells from three biological replicates of each strain. The solid white line bisecting each distribution indicates mean; dotted lines indicate upper and …
Reagent type (species) or resource | Designation | Source or reference | Identifiers | Additional information |
---|---|---|---|---|
Strain, strain background (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) | See Supplementary file 4 | |||
Antibody | Anti-FLAG M2 mouse monoclonal antibody | Sigma | RRID:AB_262044 | (1:1000) |
Antibody | Goat anti-mouse IgG peroxidase | Sigma | RRID:AB_257993 | (1:10,000) |
Antibody | Mouse anti-PGK1 monoclonal antibody | Invitrogen | RRID:AB_2532235 | (1:1000) |
Recombinant DNA reagent | See Supplementary file 4 | |||
Sequence-based reagent | See Supplementary file 4 | |||
Commercial assay or kit | Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay | Promega | Catalog# E1910 | |
Commercial assay or kit | ERCC ExFold RNA Spike-In Mixes | Invitrogen | Catalog# 4456739 | |
Chemical compound, drug | Cycloheximide | Sigma | Catalog# C1988 | CAS# 66-81-9 |
Chemical compound, drug | Radicicol | Research Products International | Catalog#R20020-0.001 | CAS# 12772-57-5 |
Chemical compound, drug | Rapamycin | LC Laboratories | Catalog# R-5000 | CAS# 53123-88-9 |
Chemical compound, drug | Canavanine | Sigma | Catalog# C9758 | CAS# 2219-31-0 |
Chemical compound, drug | 5-Fluoroorotic acid monohydrate (5-FOA) | GoldBio | Catalog# F-230–2.5 | CAS# 220141-70-8 |
Chemical compound, drug | Guanidine hydrochloride | Sigma | Catalog# G3272 | CAS# 50-01-1 |
Chemical compound, drug | [35S]-methionine | Perkin Elmer | Catalog# NEG709A500UC | |
Chemical compound, drug | N-Cyclohexyl-N′-(2-morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide methyl-p-toluenesulfonate (CMC) | Sigma | Catalog# C106402 | CAS# 2491-17-0 |
Software, algorithm | ImageJ software | ImageJ (http://imagej.nih.gov/ij/) | RRID:SCR_003070 | |
Software, algorithm | GraphPad Prism software | GraphPad Prism (https://graphpad.com) | RRID:SCR_002798 | |
Software, algorithm | Model | https://github.com/cjakobson/liveFastDieYoung |
See .docx file for parameter values used for the competitive fitness models shown in Figure 2 and Figure 2—figure supplement 1.
RNA-sequencing results.
See .xlsx file for transcripts per kilobase million for each gene in four replicates of naïve and four replicates of [BIG+]. Genes that showed significant differences are listed in a separate tab.
Proteins whose expression is changed in [BIG+] cells.
Yeast strains, plasmids, and oligonucleotides used in this study.
See .xlsx file.
Yeast genes with predicted Pus4 target sites based on scanning the yeast genome using a position weight matrix.
See .csv file.
Statistical reporting.