Sense of coherence and risk of breast cancer
- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
Abstract
Sense of coherence (SoC) is the origin of health according to Antonovsky. The link between SoC and risk of cancer has however rarely been assessed. We performed a cohort study of 46,436 women from the Karolinska Mammography Project for Risk Prediction of Breast Cancer (Karma). Participants answered a SoC-13 questionnaire at recruitment to Karma and were subsequently followed up for incident breast cancer. Multivariate Cox models were used to assess the hazard ratios (HRs) of breast cancer in relation to SoC. We identified 771 incident cases of breast cancer during follow-up (median time: 5.2 years). No association was found between SoC, either as a categorical (strong vs. weak SoC, HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.90-1.29) or continuous (HR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00-1.17 per standard deviation increase of SoC) variable, and risk of breast cancer. In summary, we found little evidence to support an association between SoC and risk of breast cancer.
Data availability
The datasets analysed during the present study can be shared and are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. More information regarding the data access to KARMA can be found at: [https://karmastudy.org/contact/data-access/]. The data are not publicly available due to Swedish laws.
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Karolinska Mammography Project for Risk Prediction of Breast Cancer (KARMA)karmastudy.org, doi: 10.1093/ije/dyw357.
Article and author information
Author details
Funding
Cancerfonden (CAN 2017/322)
- Fang Fang
Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare (2017-00531)
- Fang Fang
Karolinska Institutet (Karolinska Institutet Senior Researcher Award)
- Fang Fang
Karolinska Institutet (Strategic Research Area in Epidemiology Award)
- Fang Fang
China Scholarship Council (201806240005)
- Kejia Hu
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.
Reviewing Editor
- Belinda Nicolau, McGill University, Canada
Ethics
Human subjects: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Approval was granted by the Regional Ethics Review Board in Stockholm, Sweden (Dnr 2010/958-31/1). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
Version history
- Received: July 27, 2020
- Accepted: November 20, 2020
- Accepted Manuscript published: November 23, 2020 (version 1)
- Version of Record published: December 4, 2020 (version 2)
Copyright
© 2020, Hu et al.
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License permitting unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
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Sense of coherence and risk of breast cancer
eLife 9:e61469.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.61469
Further reading
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- Epidemiology and Global Health
Background:
Circulating omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been associated with various chronic diseases and mortality, but results are conflicting. Few studies examined the role of omega-6/omega-3 ratio in mortality.
Methods:
We investigated plasma omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs and their ratio in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a large prospective cohort, the UK Biobank. Of 85,425 participants who had complete information on circulating PUFAs, 6461 died during follow-up, including 2794 from cancer and 1668 from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Associations were estimated by multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression with adjustment for relevant risk factors.
Results:
Risk for all three mortality outcomes increased as the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 PUFAs increased (all Ptrend <0.05). Comparing the highest to the lowest quintiles, individuals had 26% (95% CI, 15–38%) higher total mortality, 14% (95% CI, 0–31%) higher cancer mortality, and 31% (95% CI, 10–55%) higher CVD mortality. Moreover, omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs in plasma were all inversely associated with all-cause, cancer, and CVD mortality, with omega-3 showing stronger effects.
Conclusions:
Using a population-based cohort in UK Biobank, our study revealed a strong association between the ratio of circulating omega-6/omega-3 PUFAs and the risk of all-cause, cancer, and CVD mortality.
Funding:
Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institute of Health under the award number R35GM143060 (KY). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
