Subventricular zone/white matter microglia reconstitute the empty adult microglial niche in a dynamic wave

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Abstract

Microglia, the brain's resident myeloid cells, play central roles in brain defense, homeostasis, and disease. Using a prolonged colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor (CSF1Ri) approach, we report an unprecedented level of microglial depletion and establish a model system that achieves an empty microglial niche in the adult brain. We identify a myeloid cell that migrates from the subventricular zone and associated white matter areas. Following CSF1Ri, these amoeboid cells migrate radially and tangentially in a dynamic wave filling the brain in a distinct pattern, to replace the microglial-depleted brain. These repopulating cells are enriched in disease-associated microglia genes and exhibit similar phenotypic and transcriptional profiles to white matter-associated microglia. Our findings shed light on the overlapping and distinct functional complexity and diversity of myeloid cells of the CNS and provide new insight into repopulating microglia function and dynamics in the mouse brain.

Data availability

Sequencing data have been deposited in GEO under accession code GSE166092, and can be explored in an interactive fashion at http://rnaseq.mind.uci.edu/green/. All other data generated or analysed during this study are included in the manuscript and support files.

The following data sets were generated

(2021) Subventricular zone/white matter microglia reconstitute the empty adult microglial niche in a dynamic wave
NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus, GSE166092.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE166092

Article and author information

Author details

Lindsay A Hohsfield

Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Allison R Najafi

Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Yasamine Ghorbanian

Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Neelakshi Soni

Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Joshua Crapser

Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Dario X Figueroa Velez

Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Shan Jiang

Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Sarah E Royer

Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Sung Jin Kim

Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Caden M Henningfield

Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Aileen Anderson

Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

"This ORCID iD identifies the author of this article:" 0000-0002-8203-8891
Sunil P Gandhi

Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Ali Mortazavi

Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Matthew A Inlay

Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Kim N Green

Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, United States

For correspondence
kngreen@uci.edu

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

"This ORCID iD identifies the author of this article:" 0000-0002-6049-6744

Funding

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS083801)

Kim N Green

National Institute on Aging (R01AG056768)

Kim N Green

National Institute on Aging (P50AG016573)

Kim N Green

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (F31NS108611)

Joshua Crapser

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (T32NS082174)

Yasamine Ghorbanian

Alzheimer's Association (AARF-16-442762)

Lindsay A Hohsfield

The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.

Ethics

Animal experimentation: All rodent experiments were performed in accordance with animal protocols approved (AUP-17-179) by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of California, Irvine (UCI).

Copyright

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License permitting unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.