Neural tracking of phrases in spoken language comprehension is automatic and task-dependent
- Language and Computation in Neural Systems group, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Netherlands
- Language and Computation in Neural Systems group, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Netherlands
- ADAPT Centre, School of Computer Science and Statistics, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Ireland
- CIMeC - Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Italy
Figures
Figure 1 with 1 supplement
Behavioural results.
Accuracy for the three different tasks. Double asterisks indicate significance at the 0.01 level using a paired samples t-test (n=19). Box edges indicate the standard error of the mean.
Figure 1—figure supplement 1
Behavioural results with individual data.
Accuracy for the three different tasks. Double asterisks indicate significance at the 0.01 level using a paired samples t-test (n=19).
Figure 2
Anatomical regions of interests (ROIs).
(A) ROIs displayed on one exemplar participant surface. (B) Time–frequency response at each ROI. STG = superior temporal gyrus, MTG = medial temporal gyrus, IFG = inferior frontal gyrus.
Figure 3 with 2 supplements
Mutual information (MI) analysis at the phrasal band (0.8–1.1 Hz) for the three different regions of interests (ROIs).
Single and double asterisks indicate significance at the 0.05 and 0.01 level using a paired samples t-test (n=19). T indicates trend level significance (p < 0.1). Inset at the top left of the graph …
Figure 3—figure supplement 1
Mutual information (MI) analysis at the phrasal band (0.8–1.1 Hz) for the three different regions of interests (ROIs) with individual data.
Single and double asterisks indicate significance at the 0.05 and 0.01 level using a paired samples t-test (n=19). T indicates trend level significance (p < 0.1). Inset at the top left of the graph …
Figure 3—figure supplement 2
Mutual information (MI) analysis at the syllable (3.5–5.0 Hz) and word rate (1.9–2.8 Hz) for the three different regions of interests (ROIs).
Double asterisks indicate significance at the 0.01 level using a paired samples t-test (n=19). Inset at the top left of the graph indicates whether a main effect of condition was present (with …
Figure 4 with 2 supplements
Power effects for the different regions of interests (ROIs).
Single and double asterisks indicate significance at the 0.05 and 0.01 level using a paired samples t-test (n=19). T indicates trend significance (p < 0.1) Inset at the right top of the graph …
Figure 4—figure supplement 1
Power effects for the different regions of interests (ROIs) with individual data.
Single and double asterisks indicate significance at the 0.05 and 0.01 level using a paired samples t-test (n=19). T indicates trend significance (p < 0.1) Inset at the left top of the graph …
Figure 4—figure supplement 2
Power effects for the different regions of interests (ROIs) and different bands.
Single and double asterisks indicate significance at the 0.05 and 0.01 level using a paired samples t-test (n=19). T indicates trend significance (p < 0.1) Inset at the top left of the graph …
Figure 5
Connectivity pattern between anatomical regions of interests (ROIs).
(A) ROI connections displayed on one exemplar participant surface. (B) Time–frequency weighted phase-lagged index (WPLI) response at each ROI.
Figure 6 with 2 supplements
Weighted phase lag index (WPLI) effects for the different regions of interests (ROIs).
Double asterisks indicate significance at the 0.01 level using a paired samples t-test (n=19) after correcting for power differences between the two conditions (we plot the original data, not …
Figure 6—figure supplement 1
Weighted phase lag index (WPLI) effects for the different regions of interests (ROIs) with individual data.
Single and double asterisks indicate significance 0.01 level using a paired samples t-test (n=19) after correcting for power differences between the two conditions (we plot the original data, not …
Figure 6—figure supplement 2
Weighted phase lag index (WPLI) effects for the different regions of interests (ROIs) and different bands.
Connectivity is displayed before correcting for power differences. None of the effects survived correcting for power differences. Inset at the top left of the graph indicates whether a main effect …
Figure 7 with 1 supplement
MEG–behavioural performance relation.
(A) Predicted values for the phrasal band MI in the middle temporal gyrus (MTG) for the word-combination task separately for the two conditions. (B) Predicted values for the delta-band weighted …
Figure 7—figure supplement 1
Age effects on power estimates.
(A) Predicted values for delta power for the two conditions dependent on age in superior temporal gyrus (STG, left) and middle temporal gyrus (MTG, right). (B) Predicted values for delta power for …
Author response image 1
Age effects on power estimates.
(A) Predicted values for δ power for the two conditions dependent on age in STG (left) and MTG (right). (B) Predicted values for δ power for the four tasks dependent on age in MTG. Error bars …
Author response image 2
Tables
Table 1
Stimuli and task examples.
| Sentence | [bange helden] [plukken bloemen] en de [bruine vogels] [halen takken] [timid heroes] [pluck flowers] and the [brown birds] [gather branches] | |||
| Word list | [helden bloemen] [vogels takken] de en [plukken halen] [bange bruine] [heroes flowers] [birds branches] and the [pluck gather] [timid brown] | |||
| Sentence | Word list | |||
| Correct | Incorrect | Correct | Incorrect | |
| Syllable | /bɑ/ | /lɑ/ | /bɑ/ | /lɑ/ |
| Word | bloemen [flowers] | vaders [fathers] | bloemen [flowers] | vaders [fathers] |
| Word combination | bange helden [timid heroes] | halen bloemen [gather flowers] | helden bloemen [heroes flowers] | vogels bloemen [birds flowers] |
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For each condition (sentence and word list) one example stimulus (top) and corresponding tasks are shown (bottom).
