Acetylation of a fungal effector that translocates host PR1 facilitates virulence
- Qingdao Agricultural University, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Florida, United States
Abstract
Pathogens utilize a panoply of effectors to manipulate plant defense. However, despite their importance, relatively little is actually known about regulation of these virulence factors. Here, we show that the effector FolSvp1, secreted from fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) directly binds and translocates the tomato pathogenesis-related protein1, SlPR1, from the apoplast outside the plasma membrane to the host nucleus via its nuclear localization signal. Relocation of SlPR1 abolishes generation of the defense signaling peptide, CAPE1, from its C-terminus, and as a consequence, facilitates pathogen invasion of plants. The action of FolSvp1 requires covalent modification by acetylation for full virulence in host tomato tissues. The modification is catalyzed by the Fol FolArd1 lysine acetyltransferase prior to secretion. Addition of an acetyl group to one residue, K167, prevents ubiquitination-dependent degradation of FolSvp1 in both Fol and plant cells with different mechanisms, allowing it to function normally in fungal invasion. Either inactivation of FolSvp1 or removal of the acetyl group on K167 leads to impaired pathogenicity of Fol. These findings indicate that acetylation can regulate the stability of effectors of fungal plant pathogens with impact on virulence.
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All data generated or analysed during this study are included in the manuscript and supporting file.
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Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China (31901830)
- Jingtao Li
Wellcome Trust Investigator (222451/Z/21/Z)
- Ben F Luisi
National Natural Science Foundation of China (31972213)
- Wenxing Liang
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2019BC032)
- Jingtao Li
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2020KC003)
- Wenxing Liang
Ministry of Agriculture of China (2016ZX08009003-001)
- Wenxing Liang
Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province (2019YQ017)
- Wenxing Liang
Shandong Province Double-Hundred Talent Plan"" (WST2018008)
- Wenxing Liang
Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province (tshw20130963)
- Wenxing Liang
Wellcome Trust Investigator (200873/Z/16/Z)
- Ben F Luisi
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.
Copyright
© 2022, Li et al.
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License permitting unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
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Acetylation of a fungal effector that translocates host PR1 facilitates virulence
eLife 11:e82628.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.82628
