Associations of ABO and Rhesus D blood groups with phenome-wide disease incidence: A 41-year retrospective cohort study of 482,914 patients
Figures
![](https://iiif.elifesciences.org/lax:83116%2Felife-83116-fig1-v2.tif/full/617,/0/default.jpg)
Selection of patients for the 41-year retrospective cohort study on ABO/RhD blood groups and associations with disease incidence in 482,914 Danish patients.
![](https://iiif.elifesciences.org/lax:83116%2Felife-83116-fig2-v2.tif/full/617,/0/default.jpg)
Manhattan plot for blood group A with phecodes included by category.
The vertical axis shows the -log10 transformed FDR adjusted p-values on a log10-scale. The horizontal axis shows the phecodes by category. The red line indicates the statistically significant level of <0.05 for FDR adjusted p-values. Associations with p-value >0.8 are not displayed. Coloured and annotated associations were deemed statistically significant. The direction of the triangles indicates positive or inverse associations (upward: IRR >1, downward: IRR <1). The size of the triangles indicates the size of the incidence rate ratio.
![](https://iiif.elifesciences.org/lax:83116%2Felife-83116-fig3-v2.tif/full/617,/0/default.jpg)
Manhattan plot for blood group B with phecodes included by category.
The vertical axis shows the -log10 transformed FDR adjusted p-values on a log10-scale. The horizontal axis shows the phecodes by category. The red line indicates the statistically significant level of <0.05 for FDR adjusted p-values. Associations with p-value >0.8 are not displayed. Coloured and annotated associations were deemed statistically significant. The direction of the triangles indicates positive or inverse associations (upward: IRR >1, downward: IRR <1). The size of the triangles indicates the size of the incidence rate ratio.
![](https://iiif.elifesciences.org/lax:83116%2Felife-83116-fig4-v2.tif/full/617,/0/default.jpg)
Manhattan plot for blood group AB with phecodes included by category.
The vertical axis shows the -log10 transformed FDR adjusted p-values on a log10-scale. The horizontal axis shows the phecodes by category. The red line indicates the statistically significant level of <0.05 for FDR adjusted p-values. Associations with p-value >0.8 are not displayed. Coloured and annotated associations were deemed statistically significant. The direction of the triangles indicates positive or inverse associations (upward: IRR >1, downward: IRR <1). The size of the triangles indicates the size of the incidence rate ratio.
![](https://iiif.elifesciences.org/lax:83116%2Felife-83116-fig5-v2.tif/full/617,/0/default.jpg)
Manhattan plot for blood group O with phecodes included by category.
The vertical axis shows the -log10 transformed FDR adjusted p-values on a log10-scale. The horizontal axis shows the phecodes by category. The red line indicates the statistically significant level of <0.05 for FDR adjusted p-values. Associations with p-value >0.8 are not displayed. Coloured and annotated associations were deemed statistically significant. The direction of the triangles indicates positive or inverse associations (upward: IRR >1, downward: IRR <1). The size of the triangles indicates the size of the incidence rate ratio.
![](https://iiif.elifesciences.org/lax:83116%2Felife-83116-fig6-v2.tif/full/617,/0/default.jpg)
Manhattan plot for the Rhesus D blood group with phecodes included by category.
The vertical axis shows the -log10 transformed FDR adjusted p-values on a log10-scale. The horizontal axis shows the phecodes by category. The red line indicates the statistically significant level of <0.05 for FDR adjusted p-values. Associations with p-value >0.8 are not displayed. Coloured and annotated associations were deemed statistically significant. The direction of the triangles indicates positive or inverse associations (upward: IRR >1, downward: IRR <1). The size of the triangles indicates the size of the incidence rate ratio.
Tables
Characteristics of patients in the 41-year retrospective cohort study on ABO/RhD blood groups and associations with disease incidence in 482,914 Danish patients.
N=482,914 | ||
---|---|---|
ABO, n (%) | O | 197,634 (40.9) |
A | 206,110 (42.7) | |
AB | 22,111 (4.6) | |
B | 57,059 (11.8) | |
RhD, n (%) | Negative | 74,150 (15.4) |
Positive | 408,764 (84.6) | |
Sex, n (%) | K | 291,649 (60.4) |
M | 191,265 (39.6) | |
Birth year, median [Q1,Q3] | 1963 [1945,1982] | |
Age at entry, median [Q1,Q3] | 13 [0,32] | |
Follow-up time, median [Q1,Q3] | 40.8 [33.4,41.3] |
Statistically significant incidence rate ratios for each individual blood group A, B, AB, and O relative to any other blood group (e.g. A vs. B, AB, and O combined). Further, also for RhD-positive blood group relative to the RhD negative blood group.
Blood group A | Blood group B | Blood group AB | Blood group 0 | Blood group RhD | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phecode | Phenotype | Cases | Person-years | IRR (95% CI) | p-value | IRR (95% CI) | p-value | IRR (95% CI) | p-value | IRR (95% CI) | p-value | IRR (95% CI) | p-value |
Infectious Diseases | |||||||||||||
010 | Tuberculosis | 2101 | 17603440 | 0.87 (0.74, 1.02) | 0.093 | 1.4 (1.18, 1.65) | <0.001 | 1.07 (0.32, 3.57) | 0.915 | 0.97 (0.59, 1.57) | 0.899 | 1.36 (1.12, 1.65) | 0.002 |
070 | Viral hepatitis | 6596 | 17557078 | 0.88 (0.82, 0.93) | <0.001 | 1.22 (1.12, 1.34) | <0.001 | 1 (0.81, 1.23) | 0.97 | 1.04 (0.9, 1.21) | 0.583 | 1.12 (0.99, 1.28) | 0.069 |
070.2 | Viral hepatitis B | 1664 | 17613572 | 0.7 (0.62, 0.79) | <0.001 | 1.66 (1.46, 1.9) | <0.001 | 1.12 (0.38, 3.26) | 0.851 | 1.06 (0.7, 1.61) | 0.794 | 1.36 (1.07, 1.71) | 0.01 |
071 | Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease | 1182 | 17620808 | 0.81 (0.63, 1.05) | 0.109 | 1.18 (0.54, 2.59) | 0.688 | 1.19 (0.52, 2.73) | 0.693 | 1.1 (0.67, 1.81) | 0.725 | 1.49 (1.04, 2.15) | 0.031 |
071.1 | HIV infection, symptomatic | 1182 | 17620808 | 0.81 (0.63, 1.05) | 0.109 | 1.18 (0.54, 2.59) | 0.688 | 1.19 (0.52, 2.73) | 0.693 | 1.1 (0.67, 1.81) | 0.725 | 1.49 (1.04, 2.15) | 0.031 |
110.13 | Dermatophytosis of the body | 211 | 17630531 | 0.89 (0.35, 2.22) | 0.809 | 1.64 (1.08, 2.49) | 0.02 | 0.93 (0.03, 30.15) | 0.97 | 0.88 (0.35, 2.23) | 0.804 | 1.13 (0.2, 6.46) | 0.897 |
Neoplasms | |||||||||||||
145.2 | Cancer of tongue | 606 | 17629055 | 0.95 (0.51, 1.76) | 0.877 | 1.13 (0.71, 1.82) | 0.616 | 1.21 (0.43, 3.38) | 0.726 | 0.96 (0.46, 2.03) | 0.93 | 0.74 (0.6, 0.92) | 0.007 |
157 | Pancreatic cancer | 2828 | 17627948 | 1.26 (1.16, 1.36) | <0.001 | 1.02 (0.34, 3.13) | 0.97 | 1.11 (0.53, 2.33) | 0.8 | 0.76 (0.7, 0.82) | <0.001 | 1.01 (0.52, 1.98) | 0.97 |
180 | Cervical cancer and dysplasia | 12538 | 10308860 | 1.05 (0.99, 1.12) | 0.118 | 0.9 (0.83, 0.97) | 0.01 | 0.96 (0.66, 1.39) | 0.839 | 1 (0.99, 1.01) | 0.97 | 0.93 (0.86, 1.01) | 0.083 |
180.3 | Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] [Cervical dysplasia] | 10895 | 10327107 | 1.06 (0.99, 1.13) | 0.115 | 0.89 (0.82, 0.97) | 0.009 | 0.95 (0.67, 1.34) | 0.766 | 1 (0.84, 1.19) | 0.97 | 0.93 (0.85, 1.01) | 0.102 |
195.1 | Malignant neoplasm, other | 7383 | 17603424 | 0.96 (0.87, 1.05) | 0.368 | 0.95 (0.77, 1.17) | 0.642 | 0.96 (0.55, 1.69) | 0.906 | 1.07 (1, 1.15) | 0.038 | 0.88 (0.82, 0.94) | <0.001 |
204.3 | Monocytic leukemia | 179 | 17631300 | 1.04 (0.15, 7.27) | 0.97 | 0.92 (0.06, 13.67) | 0.957 | 0.25 (0.06, 0.98) | 0.047 | 1.13 (0.44, 2.91) | 0.809 | 0.84 (0.37, 1.93) | 0.698 |
216 | Benign neoplasm of skin | 12993 | 17495431 | 1.02 (0.84, 1.23) | 0.883 | 0.9 (0.82, 0.98) | 0.014 | 0.99 (0.62, 1.57) | 0.97 | 1.03 (0.93, 1.14) | 0.583 | 0.95 (0.85, 1.05) | 0.32 |
860 | Bone marrow or stem cell transplant | 142 | 17631302 | 1.01 (0.77, 1.31) | 0.97 | 0.63 (0.15, 2.57) | 0.531 | 0.15 (0.05, 0.44) | <0.001 | 1.37 (1.02, 1.82) | 0.033 | 4.15 (2.13, 8.09) | <0.001 |
Endocrine/Metabolic | |||||||||||||
242 | Thyrotoxicosis with or without goiter | 9744 | 17527426 | 0.93 (0.86, 1.02) | 0.127 | 0.99 (0.59, 1.65) | 0.97 | 0.9 (0.66, 1.22) | 0.505 | 1.09 (1.02, 1.18) | 0.013 | 1.02 (0.7, 1.48) | 0.927 |
250 | Diabetes mellitus | 36810 | 17295033 | 1.01 (0.92, 1.11) | 0.849 | 1.09 (1.05, 1.13) | <0.001 | 1.06 (0.95, 1.18) | 0.32 | 0.95 (0.92, 0.97) | <0.001 | 1.07 (1.03, 1.11) | <0.001 |
250.2 | Type 2 diabetes | 32505 | 17346533 | 1 (0.82, 1.23) | 0.97 | 1.1 (1.06, 1.15) | <0.001 | 1.07 (0.96, 1.19) | 0.213 | 0.94 (0.92, 0.97) | <0.001 | 1.07 (1.02, 1.12) | 0.004 |
261 | Vitamin deficiency | 6674 | 17594082 | 0.94 (0.86, 1.03) | 0.183 | 1.15 (1.05, 1.26) | 0.003 | 0.93 (0.66, 1.31) | 0.683 | 1.01 (0.75, 1.36) | 0.94 | 1.06 (0.92, 1.22) | 0.405 |
261.4 | Vitamin D deficiency | 4105 | 17613013 | 0.91 (0.85, 0.97) | 0.007 | 1.23 (1.14, 1.34) | <0.001 | 0.95 (0.56, 1.61) | 0.86 | 1.01 (0.63, 1.63) | 0.97 | 1.14 (1.04, 1.25) | 0.006 |
271 | Disorders of carbohydrate transport and metabolism | 1306 | 17619038 | 0.86 (0.69, 1.07) | 0.176 | 1.28 (1, 1.64) | 0.047 | 1.07 (0.23, 4.92) | 0.934 | 1.01 (0.51, 2) | 0.97 | 1.16 (0.78, 1.72) | 0.475 |
271.3 | Intestinal disaccharidase deficiencies and disaccharide malabsorption | 1154 | 17621337 | 0.85 (0.68, 1.05) | 0.135 | 1.32 (1.05, 1.67) | 0.018 | 1.08 (0.24, 4.88) | 0.924 | 1.01 (0.55, 1.86) | 0.97 | 1.15 (0.73, 1.8) | 0.562 |
272 | Disorders of lipoid metabolism | 41222 | 17347032 | 1.06 (1.03, 1.09) | <0.001 | 1.01 (0.72, 1.42) | 0.97 | 1.03 (0.63, 1.69) | 0.92 | 0.93 (0.91, 0.96) | <0.001 | 1.02 (0.9, 1.17) | 0.733 |
272.11 | Hypercholesterolemia | 35565 | 17395012 | 1.06 (1.03, 1.09) | <0.001 | 1.01 (0.79, 1.29) | 0.956 | 1.03 (0.88, 1.21) | 0.709 | 0.93 (0.91, 0.96) | <0.001 | 1.03 (0.96, 1.09) | 0.433 |
272.13 | Mixed hyperlipidemia | 1324 | 17619911 | 1.05 (0.66, 1.67) | 0.841 | 1.04 (0.14, 7.94) | 0.97 | 1.39 (1.01, 1.91) | 0.04 | 0.87 (0.7, 1.08) | 0.211 | 1.09 (0.58, 2.04) | 0.809 |
Hematopoietic | |||||||||||||
282 | Hereditary hemolytic anemias | 947 | 482914* | 0.76 (0.59, 0.99)** | 0.039 | 1.36 (0.9, 2.06)** | 0.141 | 1.42 (0.72, 2.8)** | 0.316 | 1.03 (0.25, 4.26)** | 0.97 | 1.65 (1.06, 2.56)** | 0.026 |
282.8 | Other hemoglobinopathies | 557 | 482914* | 0.65 (0.51, 0.82)** | <0.001 | 1.56 (1.16, 2.1)** | 0.003 | 1.47 (0.77, 2.83)** | 0.248 | 1.09 (0.58, 2.07)** | 0.798 | 2.24 (1.52, 3.29)** | <0.001 |
286 | Coagulation defects | 4124 | 17606796 | 1.14 (1.01, 1.3) | 0.035 | 0.95 (0.56, 1.6) | 0.854 | 1.14 (0.67, 1.95) | 0.633 | 0.87 (0.76, 0.99) | 0.029 | 0.93 (0.66, 1.33) | 0.717 |
286.11 | Von willebrand’s disease | 214 | 482914* | 0.71 (0.35, 1.47)** | 0.368 | 0.49 (0.17, 1.45)** | 0.199 | 0.39 (0.02, 8.74)** | 0.562 | 1.96 (1.32, 2.91)** | <0.001 | 0.68 (0.29, 1.6)** | 0.388 |
286.3 | Coagulation defects complicating pregnancy or postpartum | 2015 | 10502418 | 1.15 (1.08, 1.22) | <0.001 | 1.02 (0.58, 1.79) | 0.946 | 1.14 (0.95, 1.38) | 0.164 | 0.84 (0.79, 0.89) | <0.001 | 0.88 (0.8, 0.97) | 0.013 |
286.7 | Other and unspecified coagulation defects | 1085 | 17621421 | 1.23 (1.05, 1.45) | 0.013 | 0.98 (0.45, 2.16) | 0.97 | 1.52 (1.1, 2.08) | 0.011 | 0.74 (0.64, 0.85) | <0.001 | 1.03 (0.23, 4.72) | 0.97 |
Mental Disorders | |||||||||||||
300.1 | Anxiety disorder | 7985 | 17603188 | 1.03 (0.93, 1.14) | 0.575 | 0.97 (0.8, 1.16) | 0.735 | 0.96 (0.66, 1.41) | 0.858 | 0.99 (0.76, 1.29) | 0.953 | 0.92 (0.86, 0.99) | 0.027 |
Neurological | |||||||||||||
333.8 | Other degenerative diseases of the basal ganglia | 381 | 17630209 | 0.78 (0.57, 1.07) | 0.128 | 1.05 (0.11, 9.95) | 0.967 | 0.65 (0.24, 1.78) | 0.407 | 1.32 (1.02, 1.71) | 0.033 | 1 (0.95, 1.05) | 0.97 |
339 | Other headache syndromes | 3466 | 17603269 | 1.05 (0.9, 1.22) | 0.546 | 1.11 (0.95, 1.3) | 0.204 | 1.03 (0.39, 2.73) | 0.957 | 0.9 (0.83, 0.99) | 0.023 | 1.06 (0.82, 1.36) | 0.688 |
345 | Epilepsy, recurrent seizures, convulsions | 23469 | 17228780 | 0.99 (0.77, 1.28) | 0.97 | 0.96 (0.86, 1.08) | 0.51 | 0.97 (0.71, 1.32) | 0.853 | 1.03 (0.96, 1.1) | 0.44 | 0.94 (0.89, 1) | 0.039 |
345.3 | Convulsions | 14391 | 17351676 | 0.99 (0.76, 1.3) | 0.97 | 0.96 (0.79, 1.18) | 0.732 | 1 (0.88, 1.13) | 0.97 | 1.02 (0.89, 1.18) | 0.77 | 0.92 (0.85, 0.99) | 0.036 |
Sense Organs | |||||||||||||
361.1 | Retinal detachment with retinal defect | 3037 | 17594394 | 1.06 (0.87, 1.29) | 0.582 | 1.07 (0.69, 1.66) | 0.787 | 1.23 (0.9, 1.69) | 0.193 | 0.88 (0.79, 0.98) | 0.022 | 0.97 (0.49, 1.96) | 0.948 |
381 | Otitis media and Eustachian tube disorders | 22790 | 17144551 | 1.07 (1.03, 1.11) | <0.001 | 0.94 (0.86, 1.04) | 0.226 | 1.01 (0.55, 1.87) | 0.97 | 0.95 (0.91, 1) | 0.039 | 0.96 (0.87, 1.06) | 0.437 |
381.1 | Otitis media | 12313 | 17364091 | 1.09 (1.04, 1.14) | <0.001 | 0.95 (0.83, 1.09) | 0.449 | 0.98 (0.44, 2.22) | 0.97 | 0.94 (0.89, 1) | 0.067 | 0.97 (0.82, 1.13) | 0.688 |
381.2 | Eustachian tube disorders | 2358 | 17571118 | 1.15 (1.01, 1.31) | 0.033 | 0.9 (0.62, 1.29) | 0.566 | 0.87 (0.38, 2.01) | 0.765 | 0.93 (0.74, 1.17) | 0.531 | 0.88 (0.69, 1.13) | 0.32 |
385.5 | Tympanosclerosis and middle ear disease related to otitis media | 530 | 17625215 | 1.25 (0.95, 1.64) | 0.114 | 0.99 (0.55, 1.77) | 0.97 | 1.21 (0.37, 3.96) | 0.761 | 0.77 (0.6, 0.98) | 0.036 | 1.08 (0.29, 3.98) | 0.918 |
386.9 | Dizziness and giddiness (Light-headedness and vertigo) | 1060 | 17624097 | 0.84 (0.73, 0.97) | 0.016 | 1.04 (0.43, 2.55) | 0.933 | 0.82 (0.42, 1.57) | 0.555 | 1.2 (1.06, 1.37) | 0.005 | 1.08 (0.7, 1.68) | 0.738 |
389 | Hearing loss | 43238 | 17166114 | 0.99 (0.88, 1.12) | 0.897 | 1.01 (0.74, 1.37) | 0.97 | 1.01 (0.78, 1.3) | 0.97 | 1.01 (0.83, 1.21) | 0.96 | 1.06 (1.01, 1.1) | 0.009 |
389.3 | Degenerative and vascular disorders of ear | 22354 | 17419947 | 0.99 (0.81, 1.22) | 0.94 | 1 (0.85, 1.19) | 0.97 | 1.02 (0.53, 1.94) | 0.961 | 1 (0.83, 1.22) | 0.97 | 1.08 (1.02, 1.15) | 0.012 |
Circulatory System | |||||||||||||
394 | Rheumatic disease of the heart valves | 8422 | 17577658 | 1.08 (1.01, 1.16) | 0.029 | 0.98 (0.61, 1.57) | 0.924 | 0.93 (0.63, 1.38) | 0.744 | 0.94 (0.86, 1.03) | 0.2 | 0.96 (0.78, 1.19) | 0.729 |
411.2 | Myocardial infarction | 25905 | 17411193 | 1.03 (0.96, 1.11) | 0.434 | 1.06 (0.97, 1.16) | 0.188 | 1.03 (0.58, 1.8) | 0.932 | 0.94 (0.9, 0.98) | 0.008 | 1.02 (0.83, 1.26) | 0.867 |
415 | Pulmonary heart disease | 10870 | 17565369 | 1.2 (1.15, 1.26) | <0.001 | 1.07 (0.9, 1.27) | 0.475 | 1.14 (0.96, 1.36) | 0.125 | 0.78 (0.75, 0.82) | <0.001 | 0.95 (0.82, 1.09) | 0.482 |
415.11 | Pulmonary embolism and infarction, acute | 1533 | 17612465 | 1.39 (1.21, 1.59) | <0.001 | 1.11 (0.56, 2.18) | 0.781 | 1.14 (0.44, 2.98) | 0.798 | 0.65 (0.57, 0.75) | <0.001 | 0.88 (0.59, 1.32) | 0.562 |
425.12 | Other hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | 466 | 17628820 | 0.81 (0.61, 1.07) | 0.138 | 0.83 (0.35, 1.98) | 0.683 | 1.11 (0.12, 10.23) | 0.93 | 1.3 (1.03, 1.64) | 0.028 | 0.91 (0.32, 2.6) | 0.877 |
428.1 | Congestive heart failure (CHF) NOS | 8357 | 17595328 | 1.03 (0.94, 1.13) | 0.5 | 1.02 (0.76, 1.37) | 0.906 | 1.12 (0.96, 1.3) | 0.14 | 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) | 0.028 | 1.01 (0.7, 1.46) | 0.961 |
440 | Atherosclerosis | 10901 | 17554704 | 1.05 (0.95, 1.16) | 0.345 | 1.1 (0.96, 1.25) | 0.169 | 1.12 (0.91, 1.37) | 0.3 | 0.9 (0.85, 0.95) | <0.001 | 1.04 (0.88, 1.23) | 0.675 |
440.2 | Atherosclerosis of the extremities | 8348 | 17570336 | 1.06 (0.96, 1.18) | 0.258 | 1.09 (0.9, 1.32) | 0.406 | 1.08 (0.75, 1.55) | 0.686 | 0.9 (0.84, 0.96) | 0.002 | 1.03 (0.8, 1.33) | 0.823 |
442.2 | Aneurysm of iliac artery | 326 | 17630660 | 0.75 (0.64, 0.89) | <0.001 | 1.13 (0.63, 2.04) | 0.69 | 1.2 (0.61, 2.38) | 0.607 | 1.21 (1, 1.47) | 0.045 | 0.72 (0.6, 0.87) | <0.001 |
443 | Peripheral vascular disease | 13791 | 17546796 | 1.05 (0.98, 1.12) | 0.153 | 1.01 (0.59, 1.73) | 0.97 | 1.03 (0.71, 1.5) | 0.872 | 0.94 (0.89, 1) | 0.035 | 1.03 (0.91, 1.18) | 0.63 |
443.7 | Peripheral angiopathy in diseases classified elsewhere | 3677 | 17611414 | 1.02 (0.68, 1.51) | 0.94 | 1.1 (0.9, 1.34) | 0.37 | 1.1 (0.78, 1.55) | 0.603 | 0.93 (0.83, 1.04) | 0.214 | 1.18 (1.05, 1.31) | 0.004 |
444 | Arterial embolism and thrombosis | 2390 | 17614619 | 1.14 (0.98, 1.34) | 0.093 | 1.11 (0.77, 1.61) | 0.583 | 1.28 (0.93, 1.76) | 0.134 | 0.79 (0.7, 0.89) | <0.001 | 1 (0.92, 1.08) | 0.97 |
444.1 | Arterial embolism and thrombosis of lower extremity artery | 1286 | 17623872 | 1.13 (0.78, 1.63) | 0.533 | 1.13 (0.61, 2.13) | 0.706 | 1.38 (0.86, 2.23) | 0.185 | 0.78 (0.63, 0.97) | 0.022 | 0.98 (0.35, 2.76) | 0.97 |
451 | Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis | 16748 | 17479709 | 1.22 (1.18, 1.25) | <0.001 | 1.15 (1.09, 1.21) | <0.001 | 1.29 (1.18, 1.4) | <0.001 | 0.73 (0.7, 0.75) | <0.001 | 0.97 (0.84, 1.13) | 0.717 |
451.2 | Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of lower extremities | 15650 | 17489528 | 1.23 (1.19, 1.27) | <0.001 | 1.14 (1.08, 1.2) | <0.001 | 1.31 (1.2, 1.42) | <0.001 | 0.72 (0.69, 0.74) | <0.001 | 0.97 (0.84, 1.12) | 0.678 |
452 | Other venous embolism and thrombosis | 4275 | 17607194 | 1.24 (1.16, 1.32) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.07, 1.36) | 0.002 | 1.31 (1.1, 1.56) | 0.003 | 0.69 (0.64, 0.74) | <0.001 | 1 (0.89, 1.11) | 0.97 |
452.8 | Postphlebitic syndrome | 341 | 17629425 | 1.35 (1.08, 1.68) | 0.009 | 1.26 (0.76, 2.08) | 0.378 | 1.82 (1.13, 2.94) | 0.014 | 0.55 (0.45, 0.67) | <0.001 | 1.18 (0.54, 2.56) | 0.688 |
454 | Varicose veins | 16500 | 17381971 | 1.1 (1.01, 1.2) | 0.032 | 0.98 (0.57, 1.68) | 0.946 | 1.04 (0.51, 2.1) | 0.93 | 0.91 (0.83, 1) | 0.05 | 0.98 (0.67, 1.42) | 0.906 |
455 | Hemorrhoids | 9001 | 17523962 | 0.95 (0.84, 1.08) | 0.481 | 0.91 (0.78, 1.08) | 0.279 | 0.91 (0.67, 1.24) | 0.562 | 1.1 (1.03, 1.18) | 0.005 | 0.99 (0.67, 1.46) | 0.97 |
456 | Chronic venous insufficiency [CVI] | 925 | 17626709 | 1.24 (1.07, 1.44) | 0.004 | 1.04 (0.23, 4.7) | 0.967 | 1.37 (0.91, 2.05) | 0.131 | 0.73 (0.64, 0.83) | <0.001 | 0.94 (0.49, 1.79) | 0.858 |
459 | Other disorders of circulatory system | 2555 | 17616713 | 1.12 (0.99, 1.27) | 0.076 | 1.12 (0.85, 1.48) | 0.433 | 1.15 (0.75, 1.75) | 0.528 | 0.82 (0.75, 0.9) | <0.001 | 1.08 (0.8, 1.46) | 0.636 |
459.9 | Circulatory disease NEC | 2174 | 17618930 | 1.16 (1.02, 1.31) | 0.024 | 1.13 (0.86, 1.5) | 0.381 | 1.22 (0.85, 1.74) | 0.279 | 0.78 (0.71, 0.86) | <0.001 | 1.02 (0.38, 2.74) | 0.966 |
Respiratory | |||||||||||||
474 | Acute and chronic tonsillitis | 41427 | 16817602 | 1.1 (1.08, 1.13) | <0.001 | 0.93 (0.88, 0.97) | 0.002 | 1.01 (0.63, 1.63) | 0.97 | 0.94 (0.91, 0.96) | <0.001 | 0.97 (0.9, 1.05) | 0.466 |
474.2 | Chronic tonsillitis and adenoiditis | 27077 | 17030480 | 1.14 (1.11, 1.17) | <0.001 | 0.89 (0.84, 0.93) | <0.001 | 1.02 (0.75, 1.4) | 0.897 | 0.92 (0.89, 0.94) | <0.001 | 0.96 (0.89, 1.03) | 0.259 |
477 | Epistaxis or throat hemorrhage | 12337 | 17506794 | 0.93 (0.89, 0.98) | 0.006 | 0.92 (0.83, 1.02) | 0.118 | 0.94 (0.71, 1.23) | 0.648 | 1.12 (1.08, 1.16) | <0.001 | 1.01 (0.73, 1.41) | 0.948 |
495 | Asthma | 31106 | 17238738 | 1.04 (1, 1.08) | 0.028 | 0.94 (0.88, 0.99) | 0.023 | 1 (1, 1) | 0.97 | 0.99 (0.9, 1.08) | 0.777 | 0.99 (0.78, 1.27) | 0.97 |
Digestive | |||||||||||||
530.11 | GERD | 7461 | 17582158 | 0.99 (0.69, 1.43) | 0.966 | 1.12 (1.03, 1.22) | 0.007 | 1.04 (0.62, 1.72) | 0.897 | 0.95 (0.88, 1.03) | 0.223 | 1.12 (1.03, 1.21) | 0.007 |
530.7 | Gastroesophageal laceration-hemorrhage syndrome | 597 | 17623900 | 1.16 (0.8, 1.66) | 0.439 | 1.04 (0.15, 7.23) | 0.97 | 0.43 (0.22, 0.83) | 0.012 | 0.94 (0.44, 2.02) | 0.883 | 1.09 (0.39, 2.99) | 0.883 |
531 | Peptic ulcer (excl. esophageal) | 16678 | 17443704 | 0.9 (0.87, 0.94) | <0.001 | 1 (0.94, 1.07) | 0.97 | 0.92 (0.75, 1.14) | 0.471 | 1.12 (1.08, 1.16) | <0.001 | 1.02 (0.83, 1.25) | 0.86 |
531.1 | Hemorrhage from gastrointestinal ulcer | 6277 | 17583751 | 0.91 (0.84, 0.98) | 0.009 | 0.89 (0.75, 1.04) | 0.149 | 0.91 (0.6, 1.4) | 0.688 | 1.17 (1.11, 1.25) | <0.001 | 1.07 (0.91, 1.27) | 0.421 |
531.2 | Gastric ulcer | 6745 | 17555312 | 0.91 (0.85, 0.98) | 0.008 | 1.01 (0.63, 1.63) | 0.97 | 0.92 (0.62, 1.36) | 0.681 | 1.11 (1.04, 1.18) | 0.002 | 0.97 (0.73, 1.28) | 0.838 |
531.3 | Duodenal ulcer | 4534 | 17555684 | 0.88 (0.8, 0.96) | 0.007 | 1.06 (0.71, 1.57) | 0.803 | 0.97 (0.21, 4.56) | 0.97 | 1.12 (1.01, 1.24) | 0.028 | 1.05 (0.77, 1.43) | 0.789 |
531.5 | Gastrojejunal ulcer | 586 | 17628539 | 0.83 (0.61, 1.11) | 0.213 | 1.41 (1.08, 1.84) | 0.012 | 1.12 (0.23, 5.41) | 0.897 | 1.01 (0.64, 1.6) | 0.97 | 0.85 (0.56, 1.28) | 0.439 |
550 | Abdominal hernia | 47761 | 16976073 | 1.01 (0.94, 1.09) | 0.757 | 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) | 0.021 | 0.97 (0.81, 1.17) | 0.765 | 1.02 (0.96, 1.08) | 0.575 | 1.01 (0.77, 1.32) | 0.97 |
562 | Diverticulosis and diverticulitis | 16569 | 17515568 | 0.94 (0.87, 1.03) | 0.19 | 0.92 (0.82, 1.03) | 0.138 | 0.91 (0.7, 1.18) | 0.481 | 1.11 (1.06, 1.17) | <0.001 | 0.98 (0.75, 1.28) | 0.884 |
562.1 | Diverticulosis | 16569 | 17515568 | 0.94 (0.87, 1.03) | 0.19 | 0.92 (0.82, 1.03) | 0.138 | 0.91 (0.7, 1.18) | 0.481 | 1.11 (1.06, 1.17) | <0.001 | 0.98 (0.75, 1.28) | 0.884 |
571.81 | Portal hypertension | 1101 | 17627608 | 0.94 (0.66, 1.35) | 0.766 | 1.17 (0.83, 1.63) | 0.376 | 0.62 (0.43, 0.9) | 0.011 | 1.06 (0.76, 1.47) | 0.746 | 0.99 (0.52, 1.88) | 0.97 |
574 | Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis | 31530 | 17299206 | 1.05 (1.02, 1.09) | 0.004 | 0.98 (0.85, 1.13) | 0.766 | 0.99 (0.64, 1.53) | 0.97 | 0.96 (0.92, 1) | 0.062 | 1.01 (0.73, 1.39) | 0.957 |
574.1 | Cholelithiasis | 24028 | 17364917 | 1.05 (1.01, 1.1) | 0.029 | 0.98 (0.81, 1.18) | 0.809 | 0.99 (0.49, 1.96) | 0.97 | 0.96 (0.91, 1.02) | 0.183 | 1.01 (0.75, 1.35) | 0.97 |
574.12 | Cholelithiasis with other cholecystitis | 2650 | 17605642 | 1.12 (1, 1.25) | 0.044 | 0.88 (0.69, 1.12) | 0.32 | 0.91 (0.48, 1.7) | 0.77 | 0.95 (0.76, 1.2) | 0.688 | 0.96 (0.61, 1.52) | 0.878 |
574.2 | Calculus of bile duct | 8401 | 17560937 | 1.07 (1, 1.15) | 0.042 | 0.95 (0.78, 1.17) | 0.651 | 0.98 (0.46, 2.06) | 0.953 | 0.95 (0.87, 1.05) | 0.33 | 1.07 (0.94, 1.21) | 0.32 |
575.2 | Obstruction of bile duct | 1593 | 17626684 | 1.24 (1.1, 1.41) | <0.001 | 0.97 (0.28, 3.43) | 0.97 | 1.04 (0.18, 5.91) | 0.97 | 0.8 (0.7, 0.91) | 0.001 | 1.1 (0.71, 1.69) | 0.688 |
578 | Gastrointestinal hemorrhage | 20111 | 17502200 | 0.96 (0.9, 1.03) | 0.296 | 0.94 (0.83, 1.08) | 0.393 | 0.91 (0.78, 1.07) | 0.249 | 1.08 (1.03, 1.12) | <0.001 | 1.01 (0.77, 1.33) | 0.93 |
578.8 | Hemorrhage of rectum and anus | 11095 | 17555331 | 0.96 (0.87, 1.06) | 0.413 | 0.93 (0.79, 1.1) | 0.395 | 0.92 (0.71, 1.18) | 0.505 | 1.09 (1.03, 1.15) | 0.004 | 1 (0.8, 1.26) | 0.97 |
Genitourinary | |||||||||||||
614.51 | Cervicitis and endocervicitis | 660 | 10488791 | 0.97 (0.52, 1.8) | 0.918 | 1.1 (0.7, 1.73) | 0.696 | 1.4 (1.03, 1.91) | 0.033 | 0.93 (0.64, 1.34) | 0.706 | 1.16 (0.86, 1.57) | 0.326 |
622.2 | Mucous polyp of cervix | 1401 | 10498802 | 1.17 (1.03, 1.34) | 0.02 | 0.99 (0.64, 1.53) | 0.97 | 1.12 (0.56, 2.21) | 0.766 | 0.83 (0.73, 0.95) | 0.007 | 0.97 (0.43, 2.18) | 0.948 |
626.12 | Excessive or frequent menstruation | 10504 | 10375823 | 0.92 (0.86, 0.99) | 0.026 | 0.96 (0.74, 1.24) | 0.757 | 1.02 (0.48, 2.14) | 0.97 | 1.1 (1.03, 1.17) | 0.004 | 0.97 (0.76, 1.23) | 0.811 |
Pregnancy Complications | |||||||||||||
634.3 | Ectopic pregnancy | 5034 | 10426967 | 0.97 (0.87, 1.08) | 0.592 | 1.11 (1.01, 1.21) | 0.022 | 1.11 (0.93, 1.34) | 0.25 | 0.96 (0.86, 1.08) | 0.524 | 0.99 (0.65, 1.5) | 0.957 |
643 | Excessive vomiting in pregnancy | 4314 | 10470323 | 0.91 (0.85, 0.97) | 0.005 | 1.17 (1.08, 1.27) | <0.001 | 1.12 (0.83, 1.51) | 0.48 | 1 (0.87, 1.14) | 0.97 | 1 (0.89, 1.11) | 0.97 |
643.1 | Hyperemesis gravidarum | 3558 | 10488446 | 0.9 (0.84, 0.96) | 0.002 | 1.15 (0.97, 1.37) | 0.105 | 1.11 (0.91, 1.37) | 0.313 | 1.01 (0.76, 1.36) | 0.927 | 1.05 (0.78, 1.4) | 0.777 |
647.3 | Major puerperal infection | 274 | 10504689 | 1.04 (0.34, 3.13) | 0.952 | 1.37 (0.98, 1.92) | 0.068 | 0.78 (0.25, 2.45) | 0.688 | 0.86 (0.59, 1.25) | 0.439 | 0.72 (0.56, 0.93) | 0.01 |
649.1 | Diabetes or abnormal glucose tolerance complicating pregnancy | 5053 | 10480682 | 0.92 (0.64, 1.33) | 0.679 | 1.22 (0.95, 1.56) | 0.118 | 1.17 (0.75, 1.82) | 0.504 | 0.95 (0.55, 1.64) | 0.866 | 1.26 (1.03, 1.55) | 0.026 |
654.1 | Abnormality of organs and soft tissues of pelvis complicating pregnancy, childbirth, or the puerperium | 5842 | 10479533 | 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) | 0.016 | 1.09 (1.01, 1.16) | 0.019 | 0.93 (0.76, 1.13) | 0.467 | 1.04 (0.96, 1.12) | 0.378 | 1.08 (1.01, 1.16) | 0.03 |
654.2 | Rhesus isoimmunization in pregnancy | 808 | 10503190 | 1.12 (0.91, 1.38) | 0.294 | 0.8 (0.61, 1.06) | 0.118 | 0.82 (0.4, 1.71) | 0.612 | 1.01 (0.65, 1.57) | 0.97 | 0.26 (0.24, 0.29) | <0.001 |
656.1 | Isoimmunization of fetus or newborn | 508 | 482914* | 2.6 (1.57, 4.33)** | <0.001 | 1.57 (0.53, 4.61)** | 0.42 | 0.4 (0.01, 11.01)** | 0.599 | 0.24 (0.11, 0.51)** | <0.001 | 1.03 (0.21, 5.13)** | 0.97 |
Dermatologic | |||||||||||||
704 | Diseases of hair and hair follicles | 4102 | 17578353 | 0.99 (0.62, 1.59) | 0.97 | 1.18 (1.04, 1.34) | 0.01 | 1.03 (0.25, 4.3) | 0.97 | 0.93 (0.82, 1.06) | 0.273 | 1.04 (0.68, 1.59) | 0.876 |
704.2 | Hirsutism | 1778 | 17608888 | 0.94 (0.7, 1.26) | 0.688 | 1.32 (1.15, 1.5) | <0.001 | 1.26 (0.96, 1.65) | 0.093 | 0.88 (0.75, 1.04) | 0.13 | 1.13 (0.87, 1.45) | 0.369 |
707 | Chronic ulcer of skin | 2121 | 17617533 | 0.94 (0.74, 1.19) | 0.617 | 1.23 (1.04, 1.47) | 0.017 | 0.94 (0.29, 3.07) | 0.927 | 0.98 (0.51, 1.88) | 0.959 | 1.01 (0.59, 1.74) | 0.97 |
Musculoskeletal | |||||||||||||
722.7 | Intervertebral disc disorder with myelopathy | 747 | 17625461 | 0.95 (0.61, 1.47) | 0.82 | 1.26 (1.01, 1.59) | 0.042 | 0.65 (0.31, 1.35) | 0.248 | 1.01 (0.58, 1.76) | 0.97 | 0.97 (0.28, 3.31) | 0.961 |
727 | Other disorders of synovium, tendon, and bursa | 30487 | 17272753 | 1.02 (0.95, 1.09) | 0.627 | 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) | 0.016 | 0.99 (0.57, 1.7) | 0.97 | 1.01 (0.92, 1.11) | 0.809 | 0.97 (0.9, 1.04) | 0.352 |
727.7 | Contracture of tendon (sheath) | 391 | 17628006 | 0.91 (0.45, 1.84) | 0.8 | 1.14 (0.38, 3.43) | 0.826 | 1.11 (0.05, 24.01) | 0.951 | 1.02 (0.46, 2.25) | 0.97 | 0.65 (0.47, 0.9) | 0.009 |
728 | Disorders of muscle, ligament, and fascia | 11338 | 17510763 | 1.08 (1.02, 1.13) | 0.008 | 0.93 (0.83, 1.04) | 0.199 | 0.88 (0.74, 1.05) | 0.164 | 0.98 (0.85, 1.12) | 0.766 | 0.93 (0.85, 1.01) | 0.085 |
740 | Osteoarthrosis | 53711 | 17187748 | 1.01 (0.94, 1.09) | 0.815 | 0.95 (0.9, 0.99) | 0.021 | 1.02 (0.79, 1.31) | 0.911 | 1.01 (0.93, 1.1) | 0.838 | 0.97 (0.92, 1.01) | 0.132 |
740.11 | Osteoarthrosis, localized, primary | 40386 | 17333061 | 1.01 (0.94, 1.09) | 0.779 | 0.94 (0.9, 0.99) | 0.012 | 0.99 (0.72, 1.35) | 0.94 | 1.01 (0.95, 1.08) | 0.663 | 0.97 (0.92, 1.02) | 0.188 |
741 | Symptoms and disorders of the joints | 5085 | 17578450 | 0.99 (0.66, 1.48) | 0.97 | 0.85 (0.73, 0.99) | 0.032 | 0.93 (0.52, 1.69) | 0.83 | 1.09 (0.99, 1.2) | 0.072 | 1 (0.82, 1.24) | 0.97 |
742 | Derangement of joint, non-traumatic | 16652 | 17438176 | 1.03 (0.96, 1.11) | 0.357 | 0.9 (0.83, 0.97) | 0.004 | 0.98 (0.61, 1.56) | 0.924 | 1.02 (0.88, 1.17) | 0.838 | 0.95 (0.87, 1.04) | 0.291 |
742.9 | Other derangement of joint | 13669 | 17490182 | 1.02 (0.9, 1.16) | 0.757 | 0.91 (0.83, 0.99) | 0.023 | 0.98 (0.47, 2.06) | 0.97 | 1.02 (0.91, 1.15) | 0.714 | 0.95 (0.86, 1.04) | 0.26 |
743 | Osteoporosis, osteopenia and pathological fracture | 15875 | 17536424 | 1.05 (1, 1.11) | 0.049 | 0.94 (0.85, 1.05) | 0.26 | 0.92 (0.76, 1.12) | 0.405 | 0.99 (0.85, 1.14) | 0.858 | 1 (0.98, 1.02) | 0.97 |
743.11 | Osteoporosis NOS | 13633 | 17553976 | 1.06 (1.02, 1.1) | 0.003 | 0.93 (0.87, 1) | 0.039 | 0.94 (0.78, 1.13) | 0.514 | 0.98 (0.9, 1.07) | 0.68 | 1 (0.82, 1.21) | 0.97 |
Congenital Anomalies | |||||||||||||
747 | Cardiac and circulatory congenital anomalies | 15297 | 482914* | 1.07 (1.01, 1.14)** | 0.029 | 0.94 (0.8, 1.11)** | 0.475 | 1.02 (0.47, 2.23)** | 0.961 | 0.95 (0.88, 1.03)** | 0.223 | 0.98 (0.77, 1.25)** | 0.884 |
747.1 | Cardiac congenital anomalies | 1621 | 482914* | 1.19 (1.02, 1.39)** | 0.023 | 0.77 (0.6, 0.98)** | 0.036 | 1.03 (0.27, 3.86)** | 0.97 | 0.93 (0.69, 1.25)** | 0.635 | 1.02 (0.48, 2.16)** | 0.97 |
755 | Congenital anomalies of limbs | 6557 | 482914* | 0.99 (0.65, 1.5)** | 0.957 | 0.96 (0.71, 1.29)** | 0.778 | 0.96 (0.46, 1.97)** | 0.91 | 1.04 (0.89, 1.23)** | 0.627 | 0.88 (0.8, 0.97)** | 0.013 |
755.61 | Congenital hip dysplasia and deformity | 2823 | 482914* | 1.01 (0.57, 1.78)** | 0.97 | 0.87 (0.66, 1.16)** | 0.355 | 0.89 (0.42, 1.88)** | 0.766 | 1.07 (0.85, 1.35)** | 0.57 | 0.81 (0.71, 0.94)** | 0.004 |
-
a. Statistically significant IRRs are marked with bold (FDR adjusted P-value <0.05).
-
b. The IRRs are adjusted for age, sex, interaction between age and sex, and birth year.
-
c. All other ABO blood groups and the RhD negative blood group was used as a reference, respectively.
-
d. FDR-adjusted p-values and 95% confidence intervals are presented.
-
e. FDR adjusted p-values above 0.97 were set to 0.97 to avoid exploding adjusted confidence intervals.
-
e. Phecodes are divided by PheWAS disease categories.
-
f. The number of events and the follow-up time in person-years for each phecode is presented.
-
g. For study results of congenital phecodes estimates marked with ** are prevalence ratios instead of IRRs and the corresponding person-year marked with * are the size of the cohort.
-
Table 2—source data 1
Associations between the ABO/RhD blood groups and phecode incidence rate ratios.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/83116/elife-83116-table2-data1-v2.zip
Statistically significant associations between the ABO/RhD blood groups and the age of the first diagnosis.
Blood group A | Blood group B | Blood group AB | Blood group 0 | Blood group RhD | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phecode | Phenotype | N | Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | Estimate (95% CI) | p-value |
079 | Viral infection | 25075 | –0.26 (–3.06, 2.54) | 0.864 | 0.92 (0.13, 1.71) | 0.022 | 0.53 (–6.18, 7.23) | 0.887 | –0.23 (–3.22, 2.75) | 0.887 | 0.27 (–5.22, 5.75) | 0.93 |
451 | Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis | 16748 | –0.58 (–1.02,–0.13) | 0.011 | –0.24 (–5.71, 5.22) | 0.936 | –0.6 (–5.87, 4.66) | 0.833 | 0.91 (0.57, 1.25) | <0.001 | 0.01 (–0.33, 0.34) | 0.97 |
451.2 | Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of lower extremities | 15650 | –0.53 (–1.08, 0.01) | 0.055 | –0.27 (–5.85, 5.31) | 0.93 | –0.7 (–6.35, 4.95) | 0.82 | 0.9 (0.55, 1.25) | <0.001 | 0.08 (–3.89, 4.06) | 0.97 |
474 | Acute and chronic tonsillitis | 41428 | –0.29 (–1.45, 0.87) | 0.634 | 0.42 (–1.97, 2.8) | 0.744 | 0.38 (–5.71, 6.48) | 0.909 | 0.05 (–2.15, 2.24) | 0.97 | 0.67 (0.15, 1.19) | 0.011 |
474.1 | Acute tonsillitis | 18162 | 0.1 (–4.42, 4.61) | 0.97 | 0.41 (–7.17, 7.98) | 0.923 | 0.75 (–7.23, 8.74) | 0.864 | –0.42 (–3.76, 2.93) | 0.82 | 1.34 (0.64, 2.04) | <0.001 |
-
a. Statistically significant effect estimates are marked with bold (FDR adjusted P-value <0.05).
-
b. FDR adjusted p-values and 95% confidence intervals are presented.
-
c. FDR adjusted p-values above 0.97 were set to 0.97 to enable estimation of adjusted confidence intervals.
-
d. Estimates represent increases or decreases in years of age of first diagnosis.
-
Table 3—source data 1
Associations between the ABO/RhD blood groups and the age of the first diagnosis.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/83116/elife-83116-table3-data1-v2.zip
Additional files
-
Supplementary file 1
Population at the first day of the quarter by region and country of origin.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/83116/elife-83116-supp1-v2.docx
-
Supplementary file 2
List of Phecodes defined as congenital or hereditary.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/83116/elife-83116-supp2-v2.docx
-
Supplementary file 3
The study sample birth year distribution.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/83116/elife-83116-supp3-v2.docx
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Supplementary file 4
Associations between the ABO/RhD blood groups and Phecode incidence rate ratios of all analyzed Phecodes.
a. Statistically significant IRRs are marked with bold (FDR adjusted P-value <0.05). b. The IRRs are adjusted for age, sex, interaction between age and sex, and birth year. c. All other ABO blood groups and the RhD negative blood group was used as a reference, respectively. d. The FDR adjusted p-values and 95% confidence intervals are presented. e. FDR adjusted p-values above 0.97 were set to 0.97 to avoid exploding adjusted confidence intervals. e. Phecodes are divided by PheWAS disease categories. f. The number of events and the follow-up time in person-years for each Phecode is also presented. g. For study results of congenital Phecodes estimates marked with ** are prevalence ratios instead of IRRs and the corresponding person-year marked with * are the size of the cohort.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/83116/elife-83116-supp4-v2.docx
-
Supplementary file 5
Associations between ABO/RhD blood groups and the age of the first diagnosis.
a. Statistically significant effect estimates are marked with bold (FDR adjusted P-value <0.05). b. The FDR adjusted p-values and 95% confidence intervals are presented. c. FDR adjusted p-values above 0.97 were set to 0.97 to enable estimation of adjusted confidence intervals. d. Estimates represent increases or decreases in years of age of first diagnosis.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/83116/elife-83116-supp5-v2.docx
-
Supplementary file 6
Statistically significant associations for blood groups A, B and AB relative to blood group O. Further, also for RhD positive blood group relative to the RhD negative blood group.
a. Statistically significant IRRs are marked with bold (FDR adjusted P-value <0.05). b. The IRRs are adjusted for age, sex, interaction between age and sex, and birth year. c. Blood group O and the RhD negative blood group was used as a reference, respectively. d. The FDR adjusted p-values and 95% confidence intervals are presented. e. FDR adjusted p-values above 0.97 were set to 0.97 to avoid exploding adjusted confidence intervals. f. Phecodes are divided by PheWAS disease categories. g. The number of events and the follow-up time in person-years for each Phecode is also presented. h. For study results of congenital Phecodes estimates marked with ** are prevalence ratios instead of IRRs and the corresponding person-year marked with * are the size of the cohort.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/83116/elife-83116-supp6-v2.docx
-
Supplementary file 7
Associations between the ABO/RhD blood groups and Phecode incidence rate ratios of all analyzed Phecodes with blood group O and RhD negative as the reference, respectively.
a. Statistically significant IRRs are marked with bold (FDR adjusted P-value <0.05). b. The IRRs are adjusted for age, sex, interaction between age and sex, and birth year. c. Blood group O and the RhD negative blood group was used as a reference, respectively. d. The FDR adjusted p-values and 95% confidence intervals are presented. e. FDR adjusted p-values above 0.97 were set to 0.97 to avoid exploding adjusted confidence intervals. f. Phecodes are divided by PheWAS disease categories. g. The number of events and the follow-up time in person-years for each Phecode is also presented. h. For study results of congenital Phecodes estimates marked with ** are prevalence ratios instead of IRRs and the corresponding person-year marked with * are the size of the cohort.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/83116/elife-83116-supp7-v2.docx
-
MDAR checklist
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/83116/elife-83116-mdarchecklist1-v2.pdf