A simplified phylogenetic tree of the order Diptera indicates the relative position of M. abdita with regard to other species of flies, midges, and mosquitoes in which gap genes have been studied in …
As an example, we show kni mRNA expression in wild-type and hb RNAi-treated embryos. (A) Data acquisition: wild-type or RNAi-treated embryos were stained by single or double in situ hybridisation …
(A) Wild-type mRNA expression patterns for trunk gap genes hunchback (hb), Krüppel (Kr), giant (gt), and knirps (kni) are shown in M. abdita embryos at selected time points (cleavage cycle 12, C12; …
hb expression (purple) is shown in wild-type (A) and in bcd RNAi-treated embryos (B–D). The position of the posterior boundary of the anterior hb domain moves anteriorly as Bcd levels are reduced by …
The expression of gt (A–C) and hb (D–F) is shown in wild-type embryos (A, D) and in cad germ-line clones (cad GLC) lacking only maternal cad (B, E; purple stain: gt or kni, red stain: even-skipped). …
Columns show the expression of hb (A–C; yellow), kni (D–F; red), gt (G–I; blue), and Kr (J–L; green) in wild-type embryos (top row; A, D, G, J), in RNAi-treated embryos as indicated (middle row; B, E…
Columns show the expression of gt (A–C, M, N; blue), kni (D–F, O, P; red), Kr (G–I, Q, R; green), and hb (J–L, S, T; yellow) in wild-type embryos (top row; A, D, G, J), in RNAi-treated embryos as …
Columns show the expression of hb (A1–A7; yellow), Kr (B1–B7; green), kni (C1–C7; red), gt (D1–D7; blue) in wild-type embryos (top row; A1, B1, C1, D1), in RNAi-treated embryos as indicated (rows 2, …
(A) This graph shows the position of the posterior boundaries of anterior gt (blue) and hb (yellow), central Kr (green), abdominal kni (red), and posterior gt (blue) and hb (yellow). Initial …
Time series of mRNA expression patterns of the maternal genes bcd and cad, as well as the terminal gap genes hkb and tll are shown for D. melanogaster (left) and M. abdita (right). Expression …
Time series of mRNA expression patterns of trunk gap genes hb, gt, Kr, and kni are shown for D. melanogaster (left) and M. abdita (right). Expression patterns are visualised by colorimetric …
(A) A wild-type cuticle is shown for comparison to severe phenotypes in gt (B), kni (C), and Kr (D) RNAi-treated embryos. We tentatively assign segment identity to persisting abdominal segments …
mRNA expression datasets for M. abdita. and D. melanogaster
Domain | ant hb | ant gt | Kr | kni | post gt | post hb | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Boundary | P | A | P | A | P | A | P | A | P | A | P |
C11 | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
C12 | 22 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 4 | - | 2 | - |
4 | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | |
C13 | 8 | 11 | 11 | 7 | 7 | 14 | 14 | 11 | 2 | 5 | - |
31 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 6 | 16 | 14 | 11 | - | 1 | - | |
T1 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 7 | - |
15 | 14 | 14 | 10 | 7 | 15 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 5 | - | |
T2 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 19 | 19 | 7 | 4 | 8 | - |
13 | 8 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 19 | 16 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 1 | |
T3 | 19 | 14 | 13 | 8 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 15 | 10 | 18 | - |
16 | 11 | 15 | 9 | 5 | 17 | 15 | 14 | 17 | 11 | 6 | |
T4 | 4 | 11 | 13 | 10 | 9 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 4 | - |
7 | 11 | 12 | 10 | 4 | 18 | 17 | 9 | 13 | 10 | 7 | |
T5 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 8 | 4 | - |
12 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 11 | 18 | 17 | 14 | 14 | 10 | 8 | |
T6 | 4 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 4 | 3 |
9 | 14 | 14 | 17 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 12 | 11 | 14 | |
T7 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 13 | 13 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 2 |
5 | 8 | 8 | 11 | 11 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 10 | 9 | |
T8 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 8 | 8 |
8 | 12 | 12 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 9 | 8 |
This table shows the number of embryos used to calculate median positions for each expression boundary at each point in time (M. abdita: white rows; D. melanogaster: grey rows). Ant: anterior, Post: posterior domain. A indicates anterior, P posterior boundary of a domain. Time classification as defined in Wotton et al. (2014) for M. abdita and in Surkova et al. (2008b) for D. melanogaster: C11–13 correspond to cleavage cycles 11 to 13; T1–8 represent time classes subdividing C14A. Our M. abdita expression dataset consists of a total of 367 embryos (91 stained for hb, 83 for Kr, 87 for gt, and 106 for kni). An additional 115 embryos make up the dataset for maternal co-ordinate and terminal gap genes shown in Supplementary file 1. The D. melanogaster gap gene dataset has been published previously (Crombach et al., 2012a). It is included here for comparison.
Overview of the RNAi dataset for M. abdita
hb RNAi | gt RNAi | Kr RNAi | kni RNAi | tll RNAi | hkb RNAi | tll:hkb RNAi | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
hb | n/a | 17/28 (60%) | 21/41 (51%) | 35/52 (67%) | 12/29 (41%) | 21/22 (95%) | 15/15 (100%) |
gt | 28/35 (80%) | n/a | 13/20 (65%) | 24/30 (80%) | 24/30 (80%) | 10/10 (100%) | 35/36 (97%) |
Kr | 24/53 (46%) | 7/17 (41%) | n/a | 26/40 (65%) | 7/18 (38%) | 10/10 (100%) | 12/21 (57%) |
kni | 9/14 (64%) | 11/25 (44%) | 3/21 (14%) | n/a | 6/44 (14%) | 4/10 (40%) | 16/16 (100%) |
Total | 102 | 70 | 82 | 122 | 121 | 52 | 88 |
A total of 637 RNAi-treated embryos were used for the analysis. This table shows the number of embryos that were stained for each of the trunk gap genes (rows), in each RNAi-treated background (columns), and the number of embryos that showed a knock-down phenotype (see also percentages). The total number of embryos used for each knock-down experiment is shown in the bottom row. A more detailed breakdown of embryos per cleavage cycle and time class, including detailed plots of boundary positions, is provided in Supplementary file 4.
Maternal co-ordinate and terminal gap gene mRNA expression dataset for M. abdita. This file contains a table with numbers of embryos in our dataset for maternal co-ordinate and terminal gap gene mRNA expression in M. abdita.
Boundary positions/shifts and domain widths/overlaps contain tables with numerical comparisons of expression data between M. abdita and D. melanogaster. (A) Comparison of expression data between M. abdita and D. melanogaster: gap domain boundary positions. (B) Comparison of expression data between M. abdita and D. melanogaster: gap domain widths. (C) Comparison of expression data between M. abdita and D. melanogaster: gap domain boundary shifts. (D) Comparison of expression data between M. abdita and D. melanogaster: gap domain overlaps.
Megaselia segmentation gene expression.
RNAi dataset.