Identification of NPC1 as the target of U18666A, an inhibitor of lysosomal cholesterol export and Ebola infection
Abstract
Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) is a lysosomal membrane protein that exports cholesterol derived from receptor-mediated uptake of LDL, and it also mediates cellular entry of Ebola virus. Cholesterol export is inhibited by nanomolar concentrations of U18666A, a cationic sterol. To identify the target of U18666A, we synthesized U-X, a U18666A derivative with a benzophenone that permits ultraviolet-induced crosslinking. When added to CHO cells, U-X crosslinked to NPC1. Crosslinking was blocked by U18666A derivatives that block cholesterol export, but not derivatives lacking blocking activity. Crosslinking was prevented by point mutation in the sterol-sensing domain (SSD) of NPC1, but not by point mutation in the N-terminal domain (NTD). These data suggest that the SSD contains a U18666A-inhibitable site required for cholesterol export distinct from the cholesterol-binding site in the NTD. Inasmuch as inhibition of Ebola requires 100-fold higher concentrations of U18666A, the high affinity U16888A-binding site is likely not required for virus entry.
Article and author information
Author details
Reviewing Editor
- Peter Tontonoz, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
Version history
- Received: October 9, 2015
- Accepted: November 8, 2015
- Accepted Manuscript published: December 8, 2015 (version 1)
- Version of Record published: January 7, 2016 (version 2)
Copyright
© 2015, Lu et al.
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License permitting unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
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