Intrinsically regulated learning is modulated by synaptic dopamine signaling
- L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- New York University, United States
- McGill University, Canada
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music, and Sound Research, Canada
- Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music, Canada
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
- Servei de Farmacologia Clínica, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Spain
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Straße, Germany
- Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Postfach, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Germany
- Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Spain
Figures
Figure 1 with 1 supplement
Effects of the pharmacological intervention (mean ± SEM) in (a) Learning and memory scores and (b) subjective ratings.
Note that subjective ratings were only measured during the learning phase of Day 1. Effects are calculated as % of change with respect to the placebo session. *p<0.05, **p<0.01.
Figure 1—figure supplement 1
Mean plus standard error of the mean M+ scores for risperidone (black), placebo (white) and levodopa (grey) interventions separately for (A) learning and memory measures, (B) learning and memory measures separated for high (H+; black line) and low (H-; grey line) hedonic participants and (C) subjective ratings.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.38113.003
Figure 2 with 2 supplements
Relation between the effect of the pharmacological intervention for the M+ condition and subjective sensitivity to reward for the learning scores (i.e., online Learning on Day 1, Words Remembered on Day 2; Recognition Rate on Day 2) obtained by (A) correlating drug effect and PAS scores (the lower the PAS values are, the higher the general hedonia); (B) computing the drug effect (mean ± SEM) according to high (Hedonic +) and low (Hedonic -) hedonic subjects (median split using the PAS).
*p<0.05, **p<0.001.
Figure 2—figure supplement 1
Correlations between the PAS and the different measures of M+ learning and memory during risperidone, placebo or levodopa interventions.
Significant correlations (FDR-corrected for multiple comparisons) are marked in bold letters and with a red line.
Figure 2—figure supplement 2
Correlations between the PAS and the M+ subjective ratings during risperidone, placebo or levodopa interventions.
Significant correlations (FDR-corrected for multiple comparisons) are marked in bold letters and with a red line.
Author response image 1
Correlations between the PAS and the drug effect (calculated as the difference in percentage of change from the placebo session between levodopa and risperidone) with the anhedonic participant (marked with a red circle) included.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.38113.012Tables
Appendix 2—table 1
Counterbalancing across treatments, with six different sequences of letters randomly assigned to N = 30.
A corresponded to risperidone, B to placebo and C to levodopa.
| Volunteer | Sequence | Treatment order |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 | B/A/C |
| 2 | 4 | A/C/B |
| 3 | 5 | B/A/C |
| 4 | 6 | C/B/A |
| 5 | 2 | B/C/A |
| 6 | 2 | B/C/A |
| 7 | 2 | B/C/A |
| 8 | 6 | C/B/A |
| 9 | 1 | A/B/C |
| 10 | 5 | B/A/C |
| 11 | 3 | C/A/B |
| 12 | 5 | B/A/C |
| 13 | 3 | C/A/B |
| 14 | 4 | A/C/B |
| 15 | 1 | A/B/C |
| 16 | 1 | A/B/C |
| 17 | 2 | B/C/A |
| 18 | 5 | B/A/C |
| 19 | 1 | A/B/C |
| 20 | 3 | C/A/B |
| 21 | 4 | A/C/B |
| 22 | 6 | C/B/A |
| 23 | 4 | A/C/B |
| 24 | 6 | C/B/A |
| 25 | 6 | C/B/A |
| 26 | 3 | C/A/B |
| 27 | 1 | A/B/C |
| 28 | 4 | A/C/B |
| 29 | 2 | B/C/A |
| 30 | 3 | C/A/B |
Additional files
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Transparent reporting form
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.38113.007
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Intrinsically regulated learning is modulated by synaptic dopamine signaling
eLife 7:e38113.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.38113
