Protective effect of Mediterranean-type glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency against Plasmodium vivax malaria
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand
- Nangarhar Medical Faculty, Afghanistan
- Kabul Medical University, Afghanistan
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
Figures
Figure 1
Locations of the two vivax malaria clinical study sites in Eastern Afghanistan from the present study (red circles), and the approximate locations of the villages in the North-West frontier province of Pakistan where Afghan Pashtun refugees were enrolled in vivax malaria clinical trials and later included in case–control studies (Leslie et al., 2010) (blue circles).
Figure 2
Results from the meta-analysis assessing the protective effect of the Mediterranean variant of G6PD deficiency against Plasmodium vivax malaria.
The posterior distributions of 1-α (top: hemi/homozygotes) and 1-β (bottom: heterozygotes) are shown as percentages. These values represent the reduction in prevalence of clinical vivax malaria relative to G6PD normal individuals. The circles show the median estimates, with the 50% credible intervals shown by the thick blue lines and the 95% credible intervals shown by the thin blue lines.
Figure 3
Distribution of admission haemoglobin concentrations in P. vivax malaria cases (overall: top row; stratified by G6PD genotype: bottom row).
The top row shows the distribution of haemoglobin concentrations in the first part of the study (left panel, when there was a cut-off at 8 g/dL for inclusion) and in the second part of the study (right panel: after this inclusion criteria was relaxed). The bottom row shows these two distributions stratified by the patients’ G6PD genotypes.
Author response image 1
Tables
Table 1
Summary of all case–control data included in the meta-analysis.
*Data from this report; 23 of 236 male controls from the earlier epidemiological study (Jamornthanyawat et al., 2014) and 5 of 106 male controls from the later studies were hemizygotes.
| General population (controls) | P. vivax malaria (cases) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Awab et al* | Leslie et al., 2010 | Bouma et al., 1995 | Total | Awab et al* | Leslie et al., 2010 | Bouma et al., 1995 | Total | ||
| Males | Hemizygous | 28 | 31 | 25 | 84 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 7 |
| Normal | 314 | 285 | 214 | 813 | 299 | 155 | 0 | 454 | |
| Females | Homozygous | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Heterozygous | 50 | 26 | 0 | 76 | 32 | 6 | 0 | 38 | |
| Normal | 305 | 126 | 0 | 431 | 425 | 72 | 0 | 497 | |
Additional files
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Source code 1
Contains source code and data.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/62448/elife-62448-code1-v2.zip
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Transparent reporting form
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/62448/elife-62448-transrepform-v2.docx
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Protective effect of Mediterranean-type glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency against Plasmodium vivax malaria
eLife 10:e62448.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.62448
