Spatiotemporal dynamics of PIEZO1 localization controls keratinocyte migration during wound healing
- University of California, Irvine, United States
- The Scripps Research Institute, United States
Abstract
Keratinocytes, the predominant cell type of the epidermis, migrate to reinstate the epithelial barrier during wound healing. Mechanical cues are known to regulate keratinocyte re-epithelialization and wound healing however, the underlying molecular transducers and biophysical mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show through molecular, cellular and organismal studies that the mechanically-activated ion channel PIEZO1 regulates keratinocyte migration and wound healing. Epidermal-specific Piezo1 knockout mice exhibited faster wound closure while gain-of-function mice displayed slower wound closure compared to littermate controls. By imaging the spatiotemporal localization dynamics of endogenous PIEZO1 channels we find that channel enrichment at some regions of the wound edge induces a localized cellular retraction that slows keratinocyte collective migration. In migrating single keratinocytes, PIEZO1 is enriched at the rear of the cell, where maximal retraction occurs, and we find that chemical activation of PIEZO1 enhances retraction during single as well as collective migration. Our findings uncover novel molecular mechanisms underlying single and collective keratinocyte migration that may suggest a potential pharmacological target for wound treatment. More broadly, we show that nanoscale spatiotemporal dynamics of Piezo1 channels can control tissue-scale events, a finding with implications beyond wound healing to processes as diverse as development, homeostasis, disease and repair.
Data availability
The datasets for graphs included in each figure have been made available as source data files.
Article and author information
Author details
Funding
National Institutes of Health (DP2AT010376)
- Medha M Pathak
National Institutes of Health (R01NS109810)
- Medha M Pathak
National Institutes of Health (R01HL143297)
- Ardem Patapoutian
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (GT11549)
- Jesse R Holt
- Medha M Pathak
George Hewitt Foundation for Medical Research
- Wei-Zheng Zeng
National Science Foundation (DMS1763272)
- Jesse R Holt
- Wei-Zheng Zeng
Simons Foundation (594598)
- Jesse R Holt
- Wei-Zheng Zeng
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Ardem Patapoutian
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.
Ethics
Animal experimentation: All studies were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Uni-versity of California at Irvine (protocol number AUP-19-184) and The Scripps Research Institute (protocol number 08-0136-4), as appropriate, and performed in accordance with their guidelines.
Copyright
© 2021, Holt et al.
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License permitting unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
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Spatiotemporal dynamics of PIEZO1 localization controls keratinocyte migration during wound healing
eLife 10:e65415.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.65415
Further reading
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Niemann–Pick disease type C (NPC) is a devastating lysosomal storage disease characterized by abnormal cholesterol accumulation in lysosomes. Currently, there is no treatment for NPC. Transcription factor EB (TFEB), a member of the microphthalmia transcription factors (MiTF), has emerged as a master regulator of lysosomal function and promoted the clearance of substrates stored in cells. However, it is not known whether TFEB plays a role in cholesterol clearance in NPC disease. Here, we show that transgenic overexpression of TFEB, but not TFE3 (another member of MiTF family) facilitates cholesterol clearance in various NPC1 cell models. Pharmacological activation of TFEB by sulforaphane (SFN), a previously identified natural small-molecule TFEB agonist by us, can dramatically ameliorate cholesterol accumulation in human and mouse NPC1 cell models. In NPC1 cells, SFN induces TFEB nuclear translocation via a ROS-Ca2+-calcineurin-dependent but MTOR-independent pathway and upregulates the expression of TFEB-downstream genes, promoting lysosomal exocytosis and biogenesis. While genetic inhibition of TFEB abolishes the cholesterol clearance and exocytosis effect by SFN. In the NPC1 mouse model, SFN dephosphorylates/activates TFEB in the brain and exhibits potent efficacy of rescuing the loss of Purkinje cells and body weight. Hence, pharmacological upregulating lysosome machinery via targeting TFEB represents a promising approach to treat NPC and related lysosomal storage diseases, and provides the possibility of TFEB agonists, that is, SFN as potential NPC therapeutic candidates.
