Parvalbumin-containing inhibitory neurons are crucial for expression of plasticity in adult visual cortex that supports visual recognition memory, but not for expression of ocular dominance plasticity that results from monocular deprivation.

A single astrocyte can decode neuronal activity and, consequently, release distinct gliotransmitters that differentially regulate neurotransmission at single hippocampal synapses.

A novel neural mechanism is proposed and validated in larval zebrafish to explain how animals habituate to repeated looming stimulation.

The direct interaction of R-type Ca²⁺ channel Cav2.3 and GABA_B receptor auxiliary subunits in the active zone of medial habenula terminals scales synaptic strength independent of GABA_B receptor activation.

Biologically plausible changes in the excitabilities of single neurons may suffice to selectively modulate sequential network dynamics, without modifying of recurrent connectivity.

Members of the OTOP family of proton-selective ion channels, which includes the sour receptor OTOP1, are differentially sensitive to activation by zinc, which interacts with residues on tm 5-6 and 11-12 linkers that form part of the channel gating apparatus.

Learning capacity depends on a dynamic interplay between the brain’s ability to change the strength of its synapses and the history of activity at those synapses.

Experience alters neurotransmitter release from different axonal compartments in different ways, allowing a set of neurons to coherently modulate behavior through diverse actions on multiple downstream circuits.

Two photon calcium imaging experiments show that excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the mouse superior colliculus are differentially modulated by the motion contrast between stimulus center and surround.

Complex and distributed plasticity processes are revealed by a functional and pharmacological analysis of visual habituation learning in larval zebrafish.