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In a new evidence-accumulation decision-making task, activity of the lateral posterior cerebellum is necessary for accurate performance, and somatic and dendritic activity in Purkinje cells contains choice/evidence and error-related information.

Competition between neurons on the left and right sides of the brain drives the decision to turn left versus right in zebrafish, and potentially all vertebrates.

Disconnection of the orbitofrontal cortex from the submedius nucleus but not the mediodorsal thalamus prevented rats to respond adaptively following action-outcome reversal, showing differential involvement of these thalamocortical circuits.

A synthetic quadrastable gene network provides a synthetic biology framework to study cell fate determination.

The bidirectional orbitofrontal cortex-basolateral amygdala circuit helps us to learn the details of predicted rewarding events and then to use that information to make good reward pursuit decisions.

Intraoperative human brain recordings during a memory task reveal that when participants inhibit memory formation, the subthalamic nucleus shows higher beta power and beta coherence with areas of the lateral cortex implicated in memory processing.

Descending interneurons maintain synaptic connectivity and behavioral function despite pruning during metamorphosis, showing that synaptic specificity is established twice at different life stages.

The direct and indirect pathways of the dorsal striatum play indispensable roles in value-dependent action selection and value learning, respectively.

Modelling differential roles for identified dopaminergic and output neurons of the fruit fly mushroom bodies, combined with a novel dopaminergic plasticity rule, explains neural and behavioural phenomena in olfactory learning tasks.

Frontal cortical circuit alterations and cognitive deficits identified in mouse genetic models are reversed by chemogenetic or optogenetic stimulation of the mesocortical dopamine circuit in an adolescent period.