Selection by national-level antibiotic consumption and vaccination trends drives atypical recombinations, frequently resulting in interspecies sequence exchange at many sites across a bacterial species’ chromosome.

Sequence changes in the pneumococcal genome explain most of the variability in duration of asymptomatic carriage with serotype, antibiotic resistance and prophage accounting for the largest effects.

Future vaccination strategies in pneumococcal disease should target specific bacterial serotypes for different host age groups.

Panproteome array analysis of antibody responses to a pneumococcal whole cell vaccine reveals consistent induction of immune responses to multiple surface proteins, despite individuals' unique pre-existing antibody profiles.

Long Pentaxin 3 is highly expressed by non-hematopoietic cells during Streptococcus pneumoniae invasive infections and regulates polymorphonuclear neutrophils' recruitment through interaction with P-selectin which damps inflammation-associated tissue damage and pneumococcal systemic dissemination.

DNA uptake and recombination in pneumococcus are highly efficient and independent of the cell-cycle or genetic location of the transformed allele, but limited to maximally 50% of the population.

Fc engineering of monoclonal antibodies strongly improves immune clearance of pneumococcus.

The mathematical modeling approach disentangles the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae in the community setting and identifies the three most plausible driving mechanisms responsible for the observed trends in invasive isolates and pneumococcal carriage.

Tracking fluorescent fusion proteins in competent pneumococcal cells reveals a polar hub for competence regulation, with the alternative sigma factor σX relocalizing DprA to this hub to mediate competence shut-off.