Redox signaling via the molecular chaperone BiP protects cells against endoplasmic reticulum-derived oxidative stress

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Abstract

Oxidative protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has emerged as a potentially significant source of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent studies suggest that levels of ROS generated as a byproduct of oxidative folding rival those produced by mitochondrial respiration. Mechanisms that protect cells against oxidant accumulation within the ER have begun to be elucidated yet many questions still remain regarding how cells prevent oxidant-induced damage from ER folding events. Here we report a new role for a central well-characterized player in ER homeostasis as a direct sensor of ER redox imbalance. Specifically we show that a conserved cysteine in the lumenal chaperone BiP is susceptible to oxidation by peroxide, and we demonstrate that oxidation of this conserved cysteine disrupts BiP's ATPase cycle. We propose that alteration of BiP activity upon oxidation helps cells cope with disruption to oxidative folding within the ER during oxidative stress.

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Jie Wang

Cornell University, Ithaca, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Kristeen A Pareja

Cornell University, Ithaca, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Chris A Kaiser

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Carolyn S Sevier

Cornell University, Ithaca, United States

For correspondence
css224@cornell.edu

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

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