Non-rapid eye movement sleep determines resilience to social stress
- Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, United States
- Behavioral Biology Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, United States
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
Figures
Figure 1 with 1 supplement
Daily sleep-restriction prevents resilience to social-defeat stress.
One cohort of mice received sleep restriction (8 hr, beginning at light onset) on each day of social-defeat stress; a second cohort (sleep replete) received only social-defeat stress (A; 10 days …
Figure 1—figure supplement 1
Aggressive encounters during 10 – days of social-defeat stress.
The number of aggressive approaches was counted during each 5-min exposure to social-defeat stress and totaled for the entire 10-day period. Box and whiskers plots represent the median number of …
Figure 2 with 1 supplement
Increased sleep promotes resilience to social-defeat stress.
Adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV2) encoding either an excitatory (Gq) designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD), or enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a …
Figure 2—figure supplement 1
Histological verification of designer-receptor exclusively activated by designer-drugs (DREADD).
Verification of pAAV-hSyn-EGFP (control, not shown) or pAAV-hSyn-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry (excitatory DREADD) expression was performed in sections with nucleic-acid counter stain (DAPI). Representative …
Figure 3 with 1 supplement
Sleep is reorganized only in mice resilient to social-defeat stress.
24 hr sleep recordings were performed both before and following 10 days of social-defeat stress (A). Sleep in animals identified as resilient (B) was significantly reorganized (C) and increased (D) …
Figure 3—figure supplement 1
Sleep is not reorganized after exposure to a novel cage.
24 hr sleep recordings were performed both before and following 10-daily exposures to a novel cage (A). This was done to control for the novel environment experienced during social-defeat stress. …
Figure 4 with 1 supplement
Differences in sleep regulation, prior to social-defeat stress exposure, predicts resilience to social-defeat stress.
Sleep regulation involves a homeostatic process, as NREM sleep amount and intensity (slow-wave activity, SWA) are proportional to the duration of prior wakefulness. A standard method for …
Figure 4—figure supplement 1
Sleep fragmentation before and after social-defeat stress.
Sleep fragmentation was assessed from 24 hr recordings during undisturbed sleep and with a six-hour sleep restriction. Recordings were performed both before and after 10 days of social-defeat stress …
Figure 5 with 1 supplement
Sleep changes in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) predict resilience to social-defeat stress.
Local field potential (LFP) in the vmPFC and epidural electroencephalographic recordings (EEG; A, top row; black bars on x-axis=p ≤ 0.05) were simultaneously obtained from mice before ten-days of …
Figure 5—figure supplement 1
Power density in resilient vs susceptible animals and sleep changes in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex.
Simultaneous local-field potential (LFP)recordings in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings were obtained from mice before (A) and after (B) 10-days of …
Figure 6
NREM coherence in the 0.5–4 Hz range predicts resilience to social-defeat stress.
Local field potential (LFP) in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and epidural electroencephalographic recordings (EEG) were simultaneously obtained from mice before and after 10-days of …
Tables
Key resources table
| Reagent type (species) or resource | Designation | Source or reference | Identifiers | Additional information |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strain, strain background (Mus musculus, male) | C57BL/6 J | Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME. | Stock #: 000664 | |
| Strain, strain background (Mus musculus, male) | CD-1; retired breeders | Charles Rivers Laboratories, Willington, MA. | 0022CD1 | Used as aggressors in social defeat |
| Recombinant DNA reagent | Control Vehicle, DREADD-, pAAV-hSyn-EGFP | Addgene, Watertown, MA. | Plasmid #50465 | |
| Recombinant DNA reagent | Excitatory DREADD, DREADD +, pAAV-hSyn-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry | Addgene, Watertown, MA. | Plasmid #50474 | |
| Commercial assay or kit | Corticosterone ELISA Kit | Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI. | Item No. 501320 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | Clozapine N Oxide; CNO | Hello Bio Princeton, NJ. | Cat# HB6149 | Dosage: 2 mg/kg |
| Software, algorithm | Sirenia Acquisition | Pinnacle Technology Inc, Lawrence, KS. | Version 1.8.3 | |
| Software, algorithm | Sirenia Sleep | Pinnacle Technology Inc Lawrence, KS. | Version 1.8.3 | |
| Software, algorithm | Sleep Deprivation System | Pinnacle Technology Inc, Lawrence, KS. | Cat. #: 9000-K5-S | |
| Software, algorithm | Igor Pro 8 software 64-bit | WaveMetrics, Inc, Lake Oswego, OR. | Version 8.04 | FilterIIR, DSPPeriodogram and custom scripts. |
| Software, algorithm, | Noldus Ethovision XT | Noldus Information Technology, Leesburg, VA. | Version 14 | Video tracking during social avoidance test. |
| Software, algorithm | GraphPad Prism | GraphPad Software, San Deigo CA. | Version 7.00 | |
| Other | Prefabricated Electroencephalographic Implant; EEG; electromyograph; EMG | Pinnacle Technologies Inc, Lawrence, KS. | Cat. #: 8201-SS; 8431 | Materials for surgery (Surgery: EEG and LFP electrodes section). |
| Other | Stainless steel screw electrodes | Pinnacle Technology Inc Lawrence, KS. | Cat. #: 8209, 8212, 8403 | Materials for surgery(Surgery: EEG and LFP electrodes section). |
| Other | Silver Epoxy | Pinnacle Technology Inc Lawrence, KS. | Cat. #:8226 | Materials for surgery(Surgery: EEG and LFP electrodes section). |
