A description of evolution that is based on birth-death processes, and in which fitness is at most a derived quantity, is advocated.

Evolutionary graph theory solves the longstanding puzzle of why diverse infectious diseases and cancers show similar (approximately lognormal) distributions of their incubation periods.

Loss-of-function mutations in human genes are an important class of disease causing variation, and estimates of their effects on evolutionary fitness can be used to evaluate their pathogenicity.

The analysis of 20 coral genomic datasets provides unprecedented insights into what makes reef-building corals unique, including the evolution of novel gene families involved in biomineralization, signaling and stress responses that have led to their evolutionary success throughout the Phanerozoic Eon.

Evolutionary game theory identifies reciprocation as a key winning strategy for warring bacteria.

A simple model reveals the roles of colony geometry and diffusion rate in allowing microbes to cooperate by sharing public goods.

The animal phylogeny of glutamate receptors indicates that vertebrate types do not account for all receptor classes originated during evolution, neither are they the pinnacle of a linear evolutive process.

Dormancy during non-life-threatening periods that are unfavorable for reproduction may be more widespread than previously appreciated.

An evolutionary algorithm is used to build gene networks implementing cell size control, and suggests multiple ways for evolution to first build sizers and turn them into adders depending on evolutionary constraints.

Transposable elements are not reactivated in natural hybrids of the yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus, but their accumulation is genotype-specific and is not predicted by the evolutionary divergence between a hybrid's parents.