Analysis of epidemiological data reveals that viral loads in newly HIV-1 infected individuals in Uganda have declined for two decades, and evolutionary modelling shows that attenuation of the virus explains this decline.

Phylogenetic analyses demonstrate an evolutionary trade-off between the amount of harm inflicted by a broad host-range virus and how effectively the virus positions itself within plants to enable onward transmission.

The same host–virus interactions can evolve multiple times in nature, due to the high effective mutation rate of viruses, and provide interesting systems of study.

A novel mouse model of immunization against Plasmodium chabaudi involving infectious mosquito bites and drug-treatment elicits protection against blood-stage malaria parasites, and shows that protection is not necessarily life cycle stage-specific.

Cooperation theory and a novel synthetic infection system provides a mechanistic understanding of why a seemingly successful disease management strategy can have devastating consequences for infected hosts.

Selection acting on SARS-CoV-2 variants altering the infectivity profile depends on levels of transmission in the community, and this dependence is used to infer Alpha and Delta variants infectivity profiles.

PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 from samples taken from smartphone screens, Phone Screen Testing, provides a sensitive, cost-effective, simple, and non-invasive new method that could boost COVID-19 mass test screening.

Incorporating within-host diversity in transmission, as identified by deep sequencing, can significantly change previously-held inferences, with major implications for genomic studies of transmission in tuberculosis and other pathogens as well.

Discovery of a rapidly spreading outbreak of bacterial blight in Tanzania caused by a Xanthomonas strain that originates from Asia and editing of Komboka rice lines resistant to the newly introduced strains and to other Asian and African strains.

The global suitability for avian flu H5N1 in poultry is predicted and spatially cross-validated, highlighting areas where the disease can spread in the absence of prevention and control, and represent a public health threat.