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An artificially evolved ribozyme can catalyse the synthesis of RNA by using trinucleotide triphosphates as building blocks.

Group II introns can target mRNA, causing inhibition of gene expression, as a potential driver for evolution to the spliceosome.

The HIV-1 Tat protein hijacks host non-degradative ubiquitination to trigger the nuclear import of the transcription elongation factor, P-TEFb.

ECF-CbrT is a bacterial vitamin B12 transporter that is structurally different from the well-characterized transporter BtuCDF, yet has similar functional properties.

Transcription factors can read out both the sequence and the structure of the non-template DNA strand in the transcription bubble, expanding the repertoire of mechanisms to control transcription.

Translation termination is a stochastic process that utilizes loosely coupled motions of its players to complete protein synthesis and release the newly synthesized nascent chain toward its cellular destination.

Numerous chemokine variants bearing no sequence resemblance elicit similar signaling behavior from the viral GPCR US28, suggesting a mechanism for receptor activation that accommodates extensive ligand degeneracy.

A family of fluorescent biosensors for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides allows quantification of these cofactors in live cells with spatio-temporal resolution.

Carbonic anhydrase II features a surface proton antenna that exclusively mediates proton exchange with monocarboxylate transporters to facilitate proton-coupled lactate transport in cancer cells.

In response to starvation, C. elegans converts a favorable pheromone that induces aggregation to an unfavorable one that induces a stress-resistant larval stage, thereby altering its chemical message without having to synthesize new pheromones de novo.