Identification of each animal in a collective becomes possible even when individuals are never all visible simultaneously, enabling faster and more accurate analysis of collective behavior.
Direct survival benefits in larger groups rather than kin-selected indirect fitness primarily drive the evolution of division of labor in cooperatively breeding vertebrates, particularly under harsh environmental conditions.
Anurag A Agrawal, Amy P Hastings, Paola Rubiano-Buitrago
Confirming coevolutionary theory, monarch butterfly caterpillars show impaired growth and toxin sequestration when feeding on realistic cardenolide mixtures from their milkweed host plants.
Acoustic jamming during bat emergence is weaker than expected because signal redundancy, echo integration, and simple movement rules enable robust navigation, as demonstrated by an agent‑based sensory-motor model.
Endemic Rift Valley fever virus circulation in The Gambia is driven by seasonal cattle movements and eco-region differences, highlighting livestock mobility as a key target for effective control strategies.
Severine LD Toussaint, Dionisios Youlatos, John A Nyakatura
Vertical locomotion in arboreal mammals is shaped by a complex interplay of body mass, limb proportions, grasping abilities, and head mass, and primates use distinct upright postures during descents.
