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Adjuvants, MPLA and CpG especially, modulate the peptide repertoires presented on the surface of APCs, preferring the presentation of low-affinity exogenous peptides rather than high-affinity peptides.

Longitudinal transcriptomic analysis of unvaccinated patients reveals that early NK cell cytotoxicity activation distinguishes mild from severe COVID-19, supporting the relevance of concerted innate–adaptive immune responses against the virus.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis increased Nos2 expression through the 'gut–lung axis', and altered intracellular antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory environment by abnormal NO, ROS, and Defb1, thereby promoting Mycobacteria colonization in mouse lungs.

Multi-omic analyses reveal that the chromatin-associated microrchidia protein, MORC (PF3D7_1468100), at the blood stage of the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, interacts with a range of nuclear proteins.

Nanopore sequencing effectively resolves key challenges in bacterial small variant detection, providing a more accurate alternative to traditional sequencing methods.

A modified BPaL regimen for tuberculosis treatment replaces linezolid with inhaled spectinamides without showing linezolid associated adverse effects.

Chi3l1 binds to bacterial peptidoglycan, helping anchor and organize bacteria within the mucus layer.

Sequence analyses show a pfhrp3 deletion mechanism involves duplication of chromosome 11 segment, which is normally removed via negative selection, and specific conditions are needed for spread including low transmission.