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An improved genetically encoded GABA sensor enables the most effective direct optical measurement of inhibitory neurotransmission to date.

The discovery of the earliest direct evidence of systematic proboscidean butchery at Olduvai Gorge demonstrates that by 1.8 Ma early hominins had strategically integrated megafaunal exploitation into their subsistence systems.

Profiling endogenous Bruchpilot proteins in multiple cell types in mushroom bodies uncovered multilayered spatial configurations of active zones, from stereotyped intracellular distribution patterns to local arrangements of neighboring synapses.

At birth, infant visual cortex connectivity resembles that of blind adults, while lifetime visual experience enhances long-range functional connectivity between visual cortices, sensorimotor systems, and dampens connectivity with executive networks.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis utilizes nucleomodulins to disrupt host inflammatory responses and lysosomal maturation, uncovering a novel strategy for immune evasion and intracellular survival.

Functional connectivity reveals brain attractors that match predictions of free‑energy‑minimizing attractor theory, yielding an interpretable generative model of brain dynamics in rest, task, and disease.

Longitudinal calcium imaging in the medial prefrontal cortex reveals the emergence of de novo task representations and reward-associated replay.