A data-driven within-host model reveals that different antibiotics are associated with divergent effects on antibiotic resistance carriage and abundance in hospitalised patients, with important implications for antibiotic stewardship.

Population-level antibiotic resistance correlates with the breadth of antibiotic use, that is, the proportion of people taking an antibiotic, better than with intensity of use the amount of use among users.

The dominant MRSA circulating in European livestock has stably maintained genes associated with resistance to antibiotic treatments over several decades and when it is transmitted to humans it can rapidly acquire genes that allow it to evade human immune responses.

Drug-resistance declines in the laboratory in an antibiotic stress-free environment, indicating that restricting antimicrobial usage in the clinics could be a useful policy.

Cholestyramine, an FDA-approved bile acid sequestrant, can be repurposed to inactivate the antibiotic daptomycin in the gut, which prevents the emergence of transmissible antibiotic resistance in gastrointestinal Enterococcus faecium populations.

Mutations in several components of a bacterial ribosome are shown to broadly decrease antibiotic and stress sensitivity, and readily accessible reversion mutations allow these ribosomal mutations to serve as stepping stones to high level antibiotic resistance.

Interactions between a mobile resistance gene and chromosomal mutations drive the evolution of high-level antibiotic resistance.

Bacteria growing in biofilms evolve antimicrobial resistance via different pathways and generate greater genetic diversity than well-mixed populations, selecting fitter but less resistant genotypes.

Directed evolution of the resistance enzyme Cfr under antibiotic selection identifies increased Cfr expression and stability as strategies to boost resistance and reveals that Cfr modification of the ribosome confers resistance by sterically occluding binding of antibiotics.

The mathematical modeling approach disentangles the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae in the community setting and identifies the three most plausible driving mechanisms responsible for the observed trends in invasive isolates and pneumococcal carriage.