Seemingly contradictory findings of single-molecule and in vivo experiments on a major mechanism of chromosome organization are reconciled by computationally investigating mechanisms of loop extrusion that are consistent with both.

An analysis of gene dosage at the DNA, RNA and protein level yields new insights into the early stages of Z-chromosome dosage compensation in schistosome parasites.

A computational model of a yeast chromosome, based on first principles, recapitulates in vivo chromosome behavior, and thus provides unprecedented insight into what the inside of a chromosome is likely to look like.

C. elegans equalizes the expression of X-chromosome genes between the sexes by reducing the recruitment of RNA polymerase II to promoters of X-linked genes in hermaphrodites, using a chromosome-restructuring complex called condensin.

A combination of in vivo and in vitro approaches using Xenopus eggs and embryos reveals how dimensions of mitotic chromosomes scale with decreasing cell size and increasing nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio during early embryogenesis.

Linker histone H1.8 shapes mitotic chromosomes by tuning the number and size of condensin-dependent DNA loops and suppressing condensin and DNA topoisomerase II-dependent individualization.

The evolution columbine genus involved frequent mixing between incipient species, and one chromosome appears to have taken its own path.

A chromosome-wide mechanism balances X-linked gene expression between the sexes in C. elegans, but no similar chromosome-wide mechanism balances gene expression between X chromosomes and autosomes.

Differences in the usage of DNA repair pathways may give rise to the unique patterns of Y-linked mutations that, together with natural selection, shape rapid Y chromosome evolution.

Preventing premature interactions between microtubules and protein-based structures called kinetochores ensures that chromosomes are segregated by meiosis rather than mitosis in reproductive cells.