1,549 results found
    1. Ecology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Host-parasite coevolution promotes innovation through deformations in fitness landscapes

    Animesh Gupta, Luis Zaman ... Justin R Meyer
    An interdisciplinary approach combining high throughput genotype-to-phenotype mapping, population genetic simulations, and experimental evolution provides an answer to the question of how populations evolve new functions by providing tests of the role antagonistic coevolution plays in pressuring populations to innovate.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Symbiont location, host fitness, and possible coadaptation in a symbiosis between social amoebae and bacteria

    Longfei Shu, Debra A Brock ... Susanne DiSalvo
    Morphological and fitness defects imposed on amoebae hosts by Burkholderia symbionts demonstrates symbiont species-specific effects and provides evidence of host adaptation to naturally acquired symbionts.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Relating pathogenic loss-of-function mutations in humans to their evolutionary fitness costs

    Ipsita Agarwal, Zachary L Fuller ... Molly Przeworski
    Loss-of-function mutations in human genes are an important class of disease causing variation, and estimates of their effects on evolutionary fitness can be used to evaluate their pathogenicity.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Competition between lysogenic and sensitive bacteria is determined by the fitness costs of the different emerging phage-resistance strategies

    Olaya Rendueles, Jorge AM de Sousa, Eduardo PC Rocha
    The emergence and evolution of different phage-resistance strategies during coevolution between a phage-sensitive strain and a polylysogenic competitor depend on the amount of phage pressure, the fitness costs of resistance, and how these may change at different time scales.
    1. Evolutionary Biology

    A toxin-antidote selfish element increases fitness of its host

    Lijiang Long, Wen Xu ... Patrick T McGrath
    A toxin-antidote element, identified for its role as a selfish genetic element that spreads through a population by killing certain offspring, also plays a beneficial role to the host.
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    1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Fitness benefits in fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella Typhi in the absence of antimicrobial pressure

    Stephen Baker, Pham Thanh Duy ... Maciej F Boni
    The major evolutionary routes to drug resistance in Salmonella Typhi are associated with fitness benefits, not fitness costs, implying that prudent antimicrobial use will have no effect as a public health intervention in controlling typhoid fever.
    1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    A mobile genetic element increases bacterial host fitness by manipulating development

    Joshua M Jones, Ilana Grinberg ... Alan D Grossman
    A mobile genetic element provides a selective advantage to host cells by delaying development, including biofilm and spore formation, thereby enabling temporary cheating and extra divisions.
    1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Plasmodium falciparum K13 mutations in Africa and Asia impact artemisinin resistance and parasite fitness

    Barbara H Stokes, Satish K Dhingra ... David A Fidock
    Plasmodium falciparum K13 mutations confer resistance to the antimalarial artemisinin in Asian and African parasites, with most gene-edited mutant K13 African parasite lines showing a fitness cost that may predict slow dissemination of artemisinin resistance in high-transmission settings.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Fitness effects of CRISPR endonucleases in Drosophila melanogaster populations

    Anna M Langmüller, Jackson Champer ... Philipp W Messer
    In Drosophila, genomic CRISPR/Cas9 expression necessary for CRISPR-based gene drives harbors fitness costs presumably caused by off-target effects, which can be minimized by using a high-fidelity version of Cas9.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Principles of dengue virus evolvability derived from genotype-fitness maps in human and mosquito cells

    Patrick T Dolan, Shuhei Taguwa ... Judith Frydman
    Distinct selective landscapes in mosquito and human cells shape dengue virus genetic diversity and highlight mechanisms of host adaptation in arboviruses.

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