In a zooplankton larva, ciliary and rhabdomeric photoreceptor cells work antagonistically to form a spectral depth gauge.

The larvae of an annelid worm use nitric oxide signalling to activate the neural pathways needed to swim away from the harmful ultraviolet light of the sun.

Electron-donating nucleophilic compounds activate TRPA1 ion channels in fruit flies and mosquitoes, but not humans, making TRPA1 a promising target for insect repellants.

Ciliated zooplankton larvae sense pressure by ciliary photoreceptor cells, which increase the beating of locomotor cilia via a serotonergic motor circuit leading to rapid upward swimming during barotaxis.

A fish-derived bile salt was shown to act as interspecific infochemical, inducing the widespread predator avoidance behavior diel vertical migration at picomolar concentrations in freshwater zooplankton of the genus Daphnia.

Drosophila polymodal nociceptors use precipitous fluctuation of the firing rate, which depends on Ca²⁺ influx, as a key signal encoding a heat sensation and evoking the robust heat avoidance behavior.

A modelling-based analysis reveals a novel type of selectivity for chromatic contrast in a mouse retinal ganglion cell type, and experimental evidence shows that this feature makes this cell type well suited for detecting behaviourally relevant changes in visual context.

Molecular and genetics approaches reveal a dual regulatory role of neuronal G-protein-coupled receptor NPR-15 in both immunity and avoidance behavior, independent of aerotaxis, mediated by amphid sensory neurons, ASJ.

C. elegans utilizes bacterially produced nitric oxide as a sensory cue to elicit avoidance of pathogenic bacteria.