Computational modeling of a central decision neuron of Drosophila reveals an electrotonically compact architecture that is ideally suited to support efficient memory storage within a stochastically connected memory circuit.

A newly identified pattern of circuit assembly shows connectivity between small groups of neurons born in tight time windows from different stem cells, with outputs from one lineage born before inputs from other lineages.

Learning to reach in the sensorimotor loop, and the required neural dynamics, can be potentially explained by simple principles.

A principle from which the neuronal dynamics and synaptic plasticity in arbitrary network architectures can be inferred, so that output errors are online minimized while simultaneously processing sensory input streams.

Apical and basal dendrites contribute differently to single-neuron orientation selectivity, highlighting the impact of feedforward and feedback signal interactions.

Turning in an insect is the combined result of body-side-specific modifications in processing of local sensory feedback, and modification of local central pattern generator activity.

Inhibition in the brainstem has further roles beyond temporal sharpening and improves reproduction for a multitude of sounds.

A learning-induced, motor-related, projection-specific signal from S1 to S2 accompanies reward-based-learning of a goal-directed sensorimotor transformation of whisker sensation into licking motor output.

The development of neural responses proceeds through both the expansion and contraction of receptive field structure, and in addition depends upon changes in excitability of individual cells.

Output neurons in the mushroom body of the fruit fly brain encode the positive or negative survival value of stimuli, enabling insects to choose adaptive approach and avoidance behaviors through associative learning.