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The animal phylogeny of glutamate receptors indicates that vertebrate types do not account for all receptor classes originated during evolution, neither are they the pinnacle of a linear evolutive process.

Reactive oxygen species, previously considered damaging agents linked to pathology, are required for normal neuronal plasticity, including adjustment of synaptic terminal size, maintenance of synaptic physiology and adaptive behavioural responses.

The sodium leak NALCN channel functions as a core effector of GABA-B and D2 receptors that is used along with GIRK channels to regulate action potential firing in dopamine neurons.

Expression of human-specific gene ARHGAP11B in the developing ferret neocortex leads to an increase in abundance of neural progenitor cells, which results in neocortex expansion.

Mechanosensors in the antennae of hawkmoths provide rapid sensory feedback for the control of fast flight manoeuvres, which acts in parallel to visual information.

fMRI evidence for off-task replay predicts subsequent replanning behavior in humans, suggesting that learning from simulated experience during replay helps update past policies in reinforcement learning.

Habituation to brief olfactory stimulation is biphasic and mediated by distinct neuronal circuits where an initial latency phase is rapidly followed by stimulus devaluation signifying behavioral habituation in Drosophila.

When mice use vision to choose their trajectories, a large fraction of parietal cortex activity can be precisely predicted from navigational attributes such as spatial position and heading.

Kiss1 neurons and NKB-responsive neurons of the medial amygdala stimulate LH release in females through different (previously unknown) pathways which, in the case of NKB-responsive neurons, are kisspeptin-independent but estradiol-dependent.

A combined behavioural and electroencephalographic approach investigating the covert allocation of attention shows evidence for distributed periodic sampling away from a conscious visual image.