A new Bayesian algorithm for tracking subjects’ choice strategies on every trial reveals when subjects learn and what they tried while doing so, providing strong evidence that reward- and loss-driven exploration change independently.

Animals can thrive alongside humans by being expert judges of risk.

Valuation of sensory information in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex plays a key function in constructing the abstract representations that guide complex behaviours.

Mathematical modelling and large-scale online experiments revealed that learning from others can induce 'smarter' decisions even when most individuals are biased towards adverse risk aversion.

Individual listening behaviour and neural filtering ability follow independent developmental trajectories in a large, N = 105, cohort of ageing individuals.

Temporal uncertainty interferes with the timely onset of evidence accumulation in perceptual decision making prompting the brain to rely instead on statistical regularities in the temporal structure of the environment.

Zebrafish knockouts can be generated in a few hours directly from wild-type eggs and are suitable for studying continuous traits, including behaviour.

Evidence of an interaction between expected reward size and visual cortical microstimulation indicates that expected reward can affect sensory representations.

Anterior Cingulate Cortex displays robust tracking during strategy execution of a summary statistic for that strategy in recent behavioral history, suggesting a role for this brain region in estimating which actions promote the occurrence of events in the environment.

With extended practice, stimulus expectations modulate activity in early visual areas that encode the sensory evidence for perceptual choices.