TNF-α treatment induces phosphorylation and cytoplasmic translocation of the retinoblastoma protein, which regulates cytoskeletal organization in skeletal muscle cells.
Reoxygenation of anoxic cardiac tissue promotes massive endocytosis that is triggered by release of coenzymeA from mitochondria, followed by palmitoylation of membrane proteins, sarcolemma vesiculation, and transfer of sarolemma vesicles to large endosomes and vacuoles.
Mitochondria can trigger massive endocytosis by releasing coenzyme A into the cytoplasm and thereby promoting the addition of fatty acids to surface membrane proteins.
High-resolution optical microscopy is used to reveal the organization of extracellular matrix proteins within the basement membrane of the blood filtration barrier in the kidney at the nanometer scale.
