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A maternal toxin-antidote element has degenerated into an antidote-only remnant in some Caenorhabditis elegans isolates, while in others, the toxin may instead be silenced by small RNAs.

Invasive Lantana camara exhibits strong genetic structure, unlike many invasive species, likely driven by predominant self-fertilization across its invasive range rather than the presence of multiple species.

Across three global Escherichia coli regulators, identical starting sequences can evolve toward many distinct strong-binding peaks, with chance, historical contingency, and evolutionary bias shaping which outcomes prevail.

The unusually high genetic diversity of MHC genes cannot be explained by heterozygote advantage alone because heterozygote advantage is not expected without some other driver of diversity.

Genes associated with male reproductive biology appear to be under relaxed selective constraint in a primate species with low sperm competition.

Long-term thermal selection in Plutella xylostella drives coordinated genetic, epigenetic, and metabolic adaptations that enhance climate resilience, revealing mechanisms potentially shared across arthropod pests.

Eutherian mammals living in China after the end-Cretaceous extinctions evolved larger tooth sizes first before becoming more specialized in their biting performance, mirroring a similar pattern in brain evolution.