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Under typical monosynaptic rabies tracing conditions about 40% of first-order presynaptic synapses to cortical neurons are labeled and spread efficiency does not vary depending on the distance of synapses to the cell body, across dendrite types, or starter neuron types.

Changes in the intracellular trafficking of key signaling molecules in endosomes lead to pathophysiology in a rare disease affecting the cerebellum.

Cst7, a gene coding for protein cystatin F, is expressed by microglia in neurodegenerative disease models and mediates sex-dependent effects on microglial endolysosomal function and disease pathology.

Melanopsin phototransduction targets distinct complements of transduction channels across intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell subtypes and does not require hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels.

The hippocampus demonstrates flexible coding during memory encoding, prioritizing either distance or time information based on the specific requirements of the experiment.

A neural network model of the hippocampus exhibits a division of labor across its two main pathways during category learning, with one pathway specializing in extracting systematic category information and another in encoding arbitrary details.

Using a computational approach for designing object recognition tasks is beneficial to highlight the different strategies among different species.