A combination of three transcriptional regulators (CEBPB, NFE2L2, and BCL3) can shift macrophages from an M1 to an M2 phenotype, altering their susceptibility to bacterial infection.
The glycolipid MPIase acts as a receptor of twin-arginine translocation (TAT) signals, inserts them into membranes, and potentially modulates the TatABC structure to facilitate TAT translocation.