Review of the emerging understanding of trained immunity in the skin and how infection-driven cellular processes induce long-lasting immune adaptation and modulate skin barrier integrity.
Andrew J Balmer, Nina FD White ... Cristina Ariani
Spatiotemporal analysis of global kelch13 surveillance data reveals that artemisinin resistance is increasing in East Africa, mirroring patterns previously observed in Southeast Asia.
Brandon T Tran, Vidthiya Jeyanathan ... Katherine Y King
Inflammation supports selection, differentiation bias, and epigenetic reprogramming of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to generate innate immune memory.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) shape trained immunity, balancing infection responses and chronic inflammation, and TLR agonists are promising immunomodulators for infectious diseases and cancer.
It is proposed that innate immune cells are positioned to activate the naïve B cell repertoire and rational application of training stimuli could enforce this, offsetting original antigenic sin, wherein recall of ‘off-target’ B cell memory can obscure vaccine effectiveness.
Several studies have now demonstrated that trained immunity occurs in the airways to several pathogens and products, while its utility is yet to be determined.
Both adaptive and innate immune memory responses have been described in gamma delta T cells, yet the mechanisms, the ligands and the gamma delta T cell subsets generating memory responses have remain to be explored.
Hannah Riley Knight, Marie Kim ... Aaron Esser-Kahn
Current approaches in bioengineering are synthesized and methods for their implementation are suggested for the induction and modulation of trained immunity in the treatment of human diseases.
Insects possess a remarkable ability to develop innate immune memory, and the mechanisms underlying this process are becoming a central topic in innate immunity research.
