The PRC2 Polycomb complex made in the mouse oocyte prevents transcriptional inactivation of the maternal X-chromosome in the early embryo.

Transcriptional activation domains achieve rapid, dynamic, specific interaction with Mediator through binding of an unstructured peptide to multiple hydrophobic surfaces without particular amino acid side chain interactions.

Interleukin 4 signaling co-opts the Akt-mTORC1-Acly pathway to couple metabolic input to the control of energetically demanding processes during macrophage M2 activation.

Emotional learning retroactively promotes memory integration for previously neutral events into episodic memory to foster future event predictions, through rapidly stimulating trial-specific reactivation of overlapping memory traces and reorganization of associated memories among the amygdala, hippocampal, and neocortical circuits.

Dopaminergic medication dissociates contingent motivation from reward expectation effects on invigoration of movements in PD patients, confirming they are separate processes with different dopaminergic functions.

Sound cues that were associated with memories during wake elicit memory reactivations when replayed to human participants during rapid eye movement sleep, those memory reactivations are identifiable by machine learning models that directly relate electroencephalography patterns of wake and sleep.

Deep mutagenesis experiments demonstrate that while cancer-causing mutations in Ras selectively alter regulatory interactions with GTPase-activating proteins, Ras is also activated by many mutations that decrease protein stability.

Phasic activation of dorsal raphe serotonin neurons transiently inhibits locomotion without influencing anxiety or producing reinforcement, but when repeated over many days a long-term facilitation of locomotion is produced.

A novel genome-wide transcriptional activation screening in Drosophila cells revealed the activation of InR-Akt-mTOR pathway by cholesterol in plasma membrane to confer resistance to Rapamycin.

MLL4 (KMT2D) is a major mammalian H3K4 mono- and di-methyltransferase that is essential for enhancer activation, cell-type-specific gene expression, and cell differentiation.