Single cell, fluorescent microscopy and mathematical modeling reveal how bacterial flagella dynamically assemble outside the cell.

The length-dependent growth rate of bacterial flagellar filament is determined by the flagellin loading speed, loading strength and its diffusion process.

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic flagella follow a common trend in swimming cost-effectiveness, but eukaryotic flagella are too large for cells with prokaryote volumes, yielding insight into flagellar dissimilarity between taxa.

A correlation between the periplasmic embellishment of the flagellar motor and its stator system type is described, motors with dual H+-dependent stator systems have one periplasmic ring formed by MotY.

Both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria can use their sheathed flagella during host colonization as a novel toxin-/signal-delivery mechanism.

The first high-resolution structure of a bacterial flagellar cap protein, FliD, reveals new insights into the assembly of bacterial flagella.

Experimental evolution shows that when selection acts on two traits constrained by a trade-off, the direction of phenotypic evolution depends on the environment.

Opportunistic bacteria modulate their lifestyle from coexistence to pathogenicity by perceiving the physiological state of their algal host through sensing of algal secreted metabolites.

Precise control of the bacterial flagellar motor determines bacterial cell dispersal and bacteria-surface interactions.

σ²⁸-Dependent sRNAs fine-tune flagella synthesis, with one sRNA connecting synthesis with metabolism and two sRNAs with opposing effects connecting synthesis with ribosomal protein production through unique binding within coding sequences.