The Toxoplasma parasite requires an enzyme called ASP5 to cleave proteins for export into host cells.

Group II introns can target mRNA, causing inhibition of gene expression, as a potential driver for evolution to the spliceosome.

The nuclear export receptor Crm1 cooperatively binds its HIV Rev-RRE cargo as a dimer using a species-specific interface that supports viral replication by enhancing nuclear export of HIV RNA.

A fish-derived bile salt was shown to act as interspecific infochemical, inducing the widespread predator avoidance behavior diel vertical migration at picomolar concentrations in freshwater zooplankton of the genus Daphnia.

A member of the Drosophila Nuclear Export Factor (Nxf) family, Nxf2, forms part of the piRNA-dependent co-transcriptional silencing complex and is essential for transposon repression in fly ovaries.

Cognitive effort is aversive and people will accept physical pain to avoid it, but this avoidance does not appear to share the same fundamental characteristics of pain avoidance.

A selective reuptake inhibitor shows a beneficial effect in healthy humans during an effort-benefit tradeoff task, mediated at the computational level by a specific alleviation of effort cost.

Ubp15 regulates the ubiquitylation of the export adaptor Mex67.

YTHDC1 facilitates selective clearance of N6-methyladenosine methylated mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through binding by nuclear 'reader' proteins and incorporation into the canonical mRNA export pathway.

Intra-individual variability in choice, response time, subjective effort, confidence, and choice-induced preference change and certainty gain is explained by a cost–benefit model of cognitive resource allocation.